Flashcards
Lesson 13-14 Quiz
Cards in this deck (20)
- 1Wechsler's IQ test differed from its predecessors in that it: Select one: a. used a deviation (age-normed) instead or a ratio (mental age/chronological age) IQ. b. added nonverbal (performance) subscales to represent different forms of intelligence. c. was valid for all age ranges d. all of the aboved. all of the above
- 2Intelligence is determined, in descending order, by: Select one: a. genes, shared environment; unique environment b. shared environment; unique environment; genes c. shared environment; genes; unique environment d. genes, unique environment; shared environmentd. genes, unique environment; shared environment
- 3Spearman inferred the existence of a general intelligence g factor from: Select one: a. the tendency for people to score well on either verbal or mathematical tests, but not on both b. the fact that different tests tap different specific abilities c. the positive intercorrelations for tests of different intellectual skills d. high reliability coefficients for the results of individual testsc. the positive intercorrelations for tests of different intellectual skills
- 4If an IQ test is valid, it should: Select one: a. be sensitive to changes in a person’s circumstances and frame of mind b. produce approximately the same score each time each time a person takes it, under a variety of conditions c. correlate strongly with other accepted measures of a person’s ’ intelligence d. clearly distinguish among separate mental abilitiesc. correlate strongly with other accepted measures of a person’s ’ intelligence
- 5Individuals with higher cognitive abilities: Select one: a. have lower levels of activation in areas of the brain used to perform a task. b. use fewer areas of their brains when solving complex problems. c. conserve energy (lower glucose metabolism) as problems become increasingly more complex d. all of the above.a. have lower levels of activation in areas of the brain used to perform a task.
- 6Suppose we measure characteristic X in siblings reared together and find a .11 correlation for adopted siblings who are biologically unrelated, compared with a .56 correlation for fraternal twins, and a 0.93 correlation for identical twins. This suggests that: Select one: a. you cannot draw a conclusion from these data b. environment contributes comparatively little to variation to characteristic X c. environment contributes greatly to variation to characteristic X, but only for twins d. heredity contributes little or nothing to variation in characteristic X e. both heredity and environment contribute substantially to variation in characteristic Xb. environment contributes comparatively little to variation to characteristic X
- 7Janice has heard about heritability studies of intelligence and assumes that if IQ is highly heritable within a group, then any IQ difference between two groups must also be largely the result of genetic differences. How accurate is Janice's assumption? Select one: a. She's correct; heritability coefficients for a trait within a group are usually quite similar to the heritability of that trait between groups. b. She's incorrect; high heritability of a trait within a group directly implies high environmentality for that trait between groups. c. She's correct in her reasoning, but only in principle; estimates of IQ heritability vary widely, depending on the method used to produce them (e.g., twin studies, adoptive studies, etc.), and thus they cannot serve to generalize to between-group differences. d. She's incorrect; the heritability of a trait within a group tells us nothing about observed differences in that trait between groups.d. She's incorrect; the heritability of a trait within a group tells us nothing about observed differences in that trait between groups.
- 8The heritability of IQ increases with age because: Select one: a. Our intellect becomes limited by health problems as we age b. We get wiser as we get older c. We have more opportunity as we age to choose our own environments and these may reflect the heritable component of our intelligence d. We stop responding to our environment to the same extent as when we were youngc. We have more opportunity as we age to choose our own environments and these may reflect the heritable component of our intelligence
- 9What advantage is there to using a heuristic rather than an algorithm? Select one: a. A heuristic is more likely to result in a correct response b. A heuristic will present more clearly defined solution c. The heuristic will result in only one possible solution d. A heuristic is often more efficientd. A heuristic is often more efficient
- 10What does research on the confirmation bias suggests about a person who believes that students at Learning R Us University are not all that bright? Select one: a. He will look for examples of stupid students at Learning R Us university b. He will look for examples of smart students at Learning R Us university c. When confronted with examples of smart students at Learning R Us University, he will play them down as very atypical d. Both a and cd. Both a and c
- 11Experience-dependent plasticity describes: Select one: a. changes in the brain in response to use b. changes in the brain due to cell death c. changes in the brain due to synaptic pruning d. changes in the brain due to expectation of usea. changes in the brain in response to use
- 12Which of the following determines the type of cell a given stem cell will become? Select one: a. The location in which it ends up. b. It's size. c. Whether it comes from the mother or the father. d. It's genetic make-up.a. The location in which it ends up.
- 13Drugs or other substances that can cause birth defects are known as: Select one: a. tricyclics b. teratogens c. carcinogens d. toxinsb. teratogens
- 14Erikson's description of stages in which crises have to be resolved, is more like a framework than a theory because: Select one: a. it does not explain behaviour throughout the lifespan b. it cannot be applied across cultures c. it does not explain individual differences d. it cannot be tested or disprovedd. it cannot be tested or disproved
- 15Reflexes: Select one: a. are present at birth then gradually get stronger b. automatically develop over time c. are present at birth then often disappear d. require stimulation to developc. are present at birth then often disappear
- 16Executive functioning develops in late adolescence once ___________is complete. Select one: a. plasticity b. neurogenesis c. apoptosis d. myelination of the frontal lobed. myelination of the frontal lobe
- 17Adolescents are more likely to engage in risky and impulsive behaviour. Select one: a. in the presence of their peers than when alone b. due to excessive myelination of their frontal lobe c. due to the increased plasticity of the brain during this period d. when they're alone than when they are with their peersa. in the presence of their peers than when alone
- 18Which of the following statements is an accurate portrayal of the impact of nurture on infants' motor development? Select one: a. Infants develop motor skills on their own timetable, regardless of child-rearing practices. b. Child-rearing practices can either retard or accelerate infants' motor development. c. Child-rearing practices can retard infants' motor development, but not accelerate it. d. Child-rearing practices can accelerate infants' motor development, but not retard it.b. Child-rearing practices can either retard or accelerate infants' motor development.
- 19The phase of the life-span characterized by the most rapid growth in development of the nervous system and the body is the __________ phase. Select one: a. infancy b. prenatal c. adolescent d. childhoodb. prenatal
- 20Which of the following was a finding of Bandura’s work on the influence of observational learning on children? In Bandura's classic study, children observe a model acting aggressively towards a Bobo doll, hitting and punching. Afterwards they see the model either rewarded, punished, or receive no consequence. Select one: a. Children who viewed a model being punished behaved significantly more aggressively towards the Bobo doll themselves than those who saw a model receive no consequences. b. Children who viewed a model being punished behaved less aggressively towards the Bobo doll themselves than those who saw a model receive no consequences. c. Children who viewed a model being punished behaved more aggressively towards the Bobo doll than those who saw a model being rewarded. d. All of the above.b. Children who viewed a model being punished behaved less aggressively towards the Bobo doll themselves than those who saw a model receive no consequences.
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