Flashcards
Humanism and the Reformation: key terms and events
Cards in this deck (17)
- 1WHAT IS HUMANISM?is a philosophy concerned with
human beings, their nature & their
development
Humanists prefer individual
thought & evidence over
established doctrines (theories) - 2WHY IS HUMANISM SO IMPORTANT TO THE RENAISSANCE? Pushed society to "wake up and
smell the coffee" (people started to
return to learning/studying things
again)
stressed human dignity and being
a responsible citizen
taught humans to be members of
the "CIVITAS" (civic community) - 3What does the term civitas mean?civic community
- 4HUMANISTS AND . THE CHURCH RELATIONSHIP relationship between Humanists &
the Church (not good)
Humanists believed: humans built
by God but humans had the ability
to shape their own lives (opposite
of what the Church thought) - 5What was the result from the church and humanists' relationship? Was it good? Bad?suddenly people felt pride and
loyalty to their political and social
community - 6Counter Reformation BackgroundBACKGROUND:
Since the Catholic Church is in
BIG trouble (losing people to other
religions), they have to do
something to "stop the bleeding"
They decide to launch the
CounterReformation
The first step the Church does is
to call a HUGE MEETING in 1545
in Italy (they call it the Council of
Trent) - 7What was the first step program made by the council of trent?1st Step: Clean Things Up
1) stop the sale of indulgences
2) they make the clergy take
seminars to make them literate (so
they can read/write)
3) Rules for the clergy are strictly
enforced (no gambling, drinking,
etc)
4) Clergy have to actually live in
the area they look after - 8what was the second step program made by council of trent?2nd Step: Spread the Catholic
Religion
to spread the positive aspects of
the Catholic Church they:
a) create the Jesuit Order (a
committee that creates schools/
colleges that spread the Catholic
faith
b) create the Ursulines (Order for
Women that help teach young
children about the Catholic faith)
If these did not work, they also
created the Sacred Congregation
of the Holy Office (created a
special committee whose job was
to hunt for "sinners" and "re
educate" them through torture,
burning books, etc - 9what was the result after the 1st and 2nd step made by council of trent?The Church slowly
stopped the flood of people
leaving the Church and it became
stronger once again. - 10what does reformation mean? A break within the Roman
Catholic Church and the creation
of the Protestant Church - 11THE EVENTS THAT LEAD TO THE ACTUAL REFORMATION (SPLIT) We already know that many Catholics mad at their Church. Here are the events that lead to the Reformation:1) man by the name of John
Wycliffe starts to challenge the
church (first person to do this). He
says:
a) people should be able to get
salvation directly from God not
from the Pope (cut out the middle
person)
b) feels that the bible should be
translated into different languages
so that others can read it and
teach it to themselves (remember,
Church only "thing" that can teach
about God)
c) says to get rid of indulgences
*those that follow Wycliffe called
Lollards (negative word meaning
"to mutter or mumble"
Result: Wycliffe inspires others to
talk out about the ChurchIntro part 2.notebook
2
September 18, 2013
Sep 1712:58 PM
2) A man by the name of Jan Hus
starts to also criticize the Church
(he writes things down though)
Result: The Church realizes they
have a problem on their hands
(they need to stop this negative
publicity)
They decide to make Jan Hus an
example to those who say/write
negative things about the Church
(they burn him at the stake!
OUCH)Intro part 2.notebook
3
September 18, 2013
Sep 1712:59 PM
3) A man by the name of Martin
Luther is the one who gets all the
credit for the Reformation
was a German monk who deeply
disagreed with how the Catholic
Church was operating.
He believed you don't need the
church if you believe in God
(Church is not necessary) - 12result of actual reformation split (John Wycliffe, theses etc)Word spreads about his 95
complaints (Theses)
he has to go into hiding where
he continues to write bad things
about the Church
Jan. 1518 his friends translate
the 95 Theses from Latin into
German using a new invention
"the printing press" (it goes viral).
Others translate it into different
languages and it (goes viral,
viral) - 13what is faith?civilizations think their way of life
is great and want others to
experience it
European Missionaries (Spain/
Portugal) feel the need to convert
other people from other countries
to Christianity
Whole shiploads of slaves were
baptized and told "you should be
greatful that you are baptized
slaves because now you are
closer to god!" (isn't that a warm
fuzzy moment?) - 14what is fate?means the securing of
geographical trade routes (try to
find the quickest & safest routes)
Most important route was the
Atlantic Ocean (can get you to the
"Americas" and the Far East) - 15What is fortune?Europeans needed raw materials
that they could not produce
themselves (crops, silks,
spices,etc)
Also needed slaves (big money
making business)
Spain and Portgual biggest
exploration countries - 16Before the 2 Philosopher "stars" (Voltaire and Rousseau) Who are the elder philosophes?john locke and thomas hobbes
- 17Did locke and hobbes have same views?No. These two men influenced Voltaire
and Rousseau
Both had differing views of the way
society worked.
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- History Flashcards on Untitled, created by Christine Tomlinson on 17/01/2014.
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