Flashcards
2. Schaffer and Emerson
Cards in this deck (11)
- 1What was the aim of S & E's study?To investigate the formation of early attachments; in particular the age they develop; their emotional intensity and with whom they were directed.
- 2What was the procedure used?Longitudinal study taking place at 60 w/c homes, studying mother and child.
Mothers were questioned about the kind of protest the infants made in seven different everyday situations.
These were designed to measure infants attachment. - 3What are the findings of their study? (there's 5 points)- Most A to a primary care giver= 32 wks.
- Multiple A made soon after.
- Most sep. protest at 6-8 mths.
- Stranger anx. 1 mnth after.
- A to different people were of a similar nature (similar behaviour). - 4What are two advantages to this study?- High external validity, natural environments.
- Internal validity (from longitudinal study) there are no participant variables, same participants throughout. - 5What is one disadvantage to this study?- Results do not generalise to other social and historical contexts, (limited historical validity)
- 6What are the four stages of attachment that S & E identify?1. Asocial stage
2. Indiscriminate attachment
3. Specific attachment
4. Multiple attachments - 7Describe the first stage.- Little observable social behaviour
(0-8 weeks) - 8Describe the second stage.- Accept comfort from any adults, do not usually show stranger and separation anxiety
- Do not act differently to any one person.
(2-7 months) - 9Describe the third stage.- Majority show stranger anxiety and when separated from one specific adult become distressed (primary attachment figure)
- This is the person they have the most interaction with and who responds to their needs with the most skill.
(7-8 months) - 10Describe the last stage.- Start to form secondary attachments, by the end of 1 year the majority were at this stage.
(9+ months) - 11What are three disadvantages to this research?- Maybe interpreting behaviour incorrectly, Asocial stage= at that age they are almost immobile and poor concentration, not asocial just not much to observe.
- Other studies in different cultures (collectivist) found that multiple attachments occurred first.
- Bowlby argues that children have playmates- protest may not be a sign of attachment, applies to playmates as well.
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- AS - Level Psychology (Attachment (1)) Flashcards on 2. Schaffer and Emerson, created by Ellie Winterburn on 22/03/2016.
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- Ellie Winterburn
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