Flashcards
Memory
Cards in this deck (26)
- 1Definition of Short-term memoryMemory for immediate events
- 2Definition of Long-term memoryMemory for events that have happened in the past
- 3Definition of DurationA measure of how long a memory lasts before it is no longer available
- 4Definition of CapacityA measure of how much information can be held in memory. It is measured in terms of bits of information, e.g. number of digits
- 5Definition of EncodingThe way information is changed so that it can be stored in memory, either in visual codes, acoustic forms or a semantic form
- 6Definition of ChunkingPutting items into meaningful groups, enhancing the capacity of STM
- 7Sensory store/memoryWhere information collected from the environment by your senses eg by your eyes, ears, nose, fingers etc.
- 8Central ExecutiveMonitors and coordinates all other mental functions in working memory
- 9Phonological LoopEncodes speech sounds in working memory, typically involving maintenance rehearsal
- 10Maintenance RehersalRepeating words over and over again
- 11Visuo-spatial SketchpadEncodes visual information in terms of separate objects as well as the arrangement of these objects as well as the arrangement of these objects in one's visual field
- 12Episodic BufferReceives input from many sources, temporarily stores this information, and then integrates it in order to construct a mental episode of what is being experienced right now
- 13Eye Witness TestimonyThe evidence provided in court by a person who witnessed a crime, with a view to identifying the perpetrator of the crime
- 14AnxietyAn unpleasant emotional state where we fear that something bad is about to happen
- 15Cognitive interviewA police technique for interviewing witnesses to a crime, which encourages them to recreate the original context in order to increase the accessibility of stored information
- 16The multi-store model of memoryAn explanation of how memory processes work, focusing on the relationship between the SM, STM and LTM stores
- 17Multi-store model diagram
- 18The working model of memoryAn explanation of how memory processes work, focusing on the different areas of STM and how they communicate
- 19Working Memory Model Diagram
- 20Sensory RegisterCoding: Modality specific/ How it is sensed (eg what is seen is stored as an image)
Capacity: Large but only 5-9 items attended to (Jacobs)
Duration: 0.5 - 2 seconds - 21Who tested the coding in the Sensory Register?Sperling - Used a tachiscope and found that participants only recognised certain things
- 22Short Term MemoryCoding: Mainly auditory , possibly visual, maybe semantic (in terms of meaning)
Storage: Acoustics (Baddley 1966)
Capacity: 7 +/- 2 items
Duration: 30 seconds max. - 23Who tested for 7+/- items?Miller Theory (1956)
- 24Long Term MemoryCoding: Mainly semantic (Baddley 1966) with some auditory and visual
Capacity: Unlimited
Duration: Minutes to years... (unlimited) - 25Who studied the coding in the Long Term Memory?Bahrick et al (1975)- tested memory of year book pictures along with the names
- 26—
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- AS - Level Psychology Flashcards on Memory, created by Francesca Wilson on 04/04/2016.
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- Francesca Wilson
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