Flashcards
Multistore model of memory
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1Multistore Model of Memoryan explanation of memory that sees information flowing through a series of storage systems
**supported by research of seperate stores, evidence to suggest different subsections of STM and LTM, only acknowledges one type of rehearsal, artifical materials and oversimplifies - 2Sensory Registershort-duration store holding impressions of information received by the senses, coded in the form of its sense (iconic, echoic, haptic, gustatory and olfactory). Has a large capacity due to lack of processing.
(Crowder, Sperling, Walsh and Thompson) - 3Short term memorytemporary store holding small amounts of information when attention is brought to the sensory stimulus. Has limited capacity (5-9 items Jacobs), a duration of approx 30 secs (Peterson and Peterson), and codes acoustically (Baddeley)
- 4Codingmeans by which information is represented in the memory
- 5Capacityamount of information that can be stored at a given time
- 6Durationlength of time information remains within storage
- 7Crowder (1993)SR only retains iconic info for few milliseconds, echoic for 2-3 seconds, supports idea of storing according to sense
- 8Sperling (1960)3x4 grid flashed for 1/20 of a second, then asked to recall the letters of one row. Knowing info would fade quickly, sounds would indicate row for recall. Recall was high for the indicated row suggesting it was originally there and capacity is large
- 9Walsh and Thompson (1978)found iconic sensory store has an average duration of 500 milliseconds and decreases as people get older. Suggests duration is limited and dependent on age
- 10Baddeley (1966)75 pps given one of acoustically /semantically similar/dissimilar. Tested STM by recall immediately in right order LTM tested by having the same but 20min interval before recall with interference task. STM = List A = worst 10%, others were 60-80%. LTM = List C worst 55% = different coding. **artificial
- 11Jacobs (1887)digit span technique, asked pps to recall the list in correct order, progressively increasing the number of letters in the list until no longer possible. mean spam for digits is 9.3 whereas mean span for letters is 7.3
*study conducted a long time ago, lacked control of extraneous. - 12Peterson and Peterson (1959)consonant syllables (trigrams) presented and asked to remember. Then given 3 digit number to count backwards in 3's from. each trial, told to stop after a different amount of time 3-18 seconds. 3 secs = 80% recall, 18 secs = 3% suggests very short duration. **artificial stimuli
- 13Long term memorylife time store that recieves info from the STM as a result of rehearsing information. has an unlimited capacity and duration and codes semantically
- 14Anokhin (1973)estimated the number of possible neuronal connections in the human brain is 1 followed by 10.5 million kilometres of noughts. Concludes no human yet exists who can use all the potential of their brain suggesting LTM is limitless
- 15Bahrick et al (1975)400 pps age 17-48, recognition of faces or free recall of names from high school yearbook. photo rec consisted of 50 photos, some were in yearbook. free recall asked to list names of graduating class. face rec = 90% after 48 years whereas free recall is 30% ** rehearsal may explain results, high external validity.
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- AS - Level Psychology (Cognitive Psychology) Flashcards on Multistore model of memory, created by Abbie Murray on 21/04/2016.
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