Flashcards
The Cognitive Interview
Cards in this deck (10)
- 1What is the definition for the cognitive interview?a four part interview used to help retrieve more accurate memories, these techniques are all based on well-established psychological knowledge of memory.
- 2Who created the CI?Fisher and Geislman (1992)
- 3What are the parts to the interview in order?1. Report everything
2. Reinstate the context
3. Reverse the order
4. Change perspective - 4Describe the first stage.-Need to report every detail of the event even if witness sees the as irrelevant or is not confident, seemingly small details can trigger other memories.
- 5Describe the second stage.- return to original crime scene IN THEIR MIND and report their environment and emotions, this stage is related to context-dependent cues.
- 6Describe the third stage.- events should be recalled in a different chronological order, e.g from the end to the beginning or from the middle to the beginning.
- this is done to prevent reporting expectations of what must have happened rather than what actually happened.
- also prevents dishonesty harder to be untruthful going backwards. - 7Describe the fourth stage.- recall from other's perspectives e.g other witnesses or perpetrator
- disrupts effects of expectations and schemas on recall
- e.g schema you have for specific settings may effect recall a in they may give their expectation of what would have happened rather than what actually happened. - 8How is the enhanced cognitive interview different? Who created it?Fisher et al- additional elements to focus on social dynamics of the interaction
e.g when/ when not to establish eye contact
Also includes ideas such as reducing, EW anxiety, minimises distractions, witness to speak slowly, asks open ended questions. - 9What are two advantages?+ Milne an Bull- combo of 1&2 has a better accuracy of recall than others, proves that it is useful and increase credibility for those who use it.
+ research supports ECI in that it produces more accurate recall, gives better chance of catching and charging. - 10What are two disadvantages?- More time consuming than standard police interview, more time to establish rapport and allow witness to relax. Also needs special training, many forces have not been able to provide more than a few hours.
- Kohnken et al's study shows an increase in both correct information but also incorrect information.
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- AS - Level Psychology (Memory (1)) Flashcards on The Cognitive Interview, created by Ellie Winterburn on 14/05/2016.
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- Ellie Winterburn
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