Flashcards
Key points to expand upon
Cards in this deck (17)
- 1What were the criticisms of the Catholic Church in the 16th Century?Simony
Absenteeism
Indulgence Controversy
Papal lifestyle led to corruption (greedy) - 2Why was there a growth in radical movements?Millianarianism
Disgust and greedy papacy
Want a different was to worship and love God.
E.g. New Orders, Anabaptists, Jesuits etc - 3Was the absence of Charles V the reason for Luther's success?Y - His priority with the French and the Turks - Ottoman Empire
Y - Hapsburgs vs Valois
Y - Debt
N- Princes
N- Frederick the Wise
N - Printing and Preaching - 4Why did Luther attack indulgences?No Justification, only faith alone can guarantee salvation.
Angered by Johannas Tetzel - emotional blackmail
Corruption of the Church - they were being greedy and the money from indulgences was going to St. Peter's Basilica - 5Why was Luther summoned to the Diet of Worms?Charles V was persuaded by Frederick the Wise to ive Luther a fair hearing. As Frederick had had a positive impact on Charles through his vote in the election, Charles felt obliged to give Frederick something back.
Charles waned to diffuse the situation. He did not want to lose his authority through Luther's proposal of a schism.
Luther had previously been condemned a heretic and issued with a papal bull of excommunication from the Leipzig debate in which Charles V wanted to give him a final chance to recant his ideas. - 6Was Luther's success because of preaching?Y - Luther was a skilled preacher
Y - After Andreas Carlstadt was preaching radically, Luther was able to clear confusion through his own preaching.
It enabled the illiterate to hear all of the Lutheran messages that they could not read through printing.
N - Edict of Worm compromised how Luther could preach and where he could preach.
N - Princes and Charles - 7Was Luther's success due to the support of the German princes?Y - Many benefits for Princes in following Luther. Eg, 30% of land was church's - this goes to princes and the tax along with it.
Y - Charles needed the princes to fight the French and the Turks - they could refuse.
N - Preaching
N - Woodcuts
N - Absence of the Emperor - 8Why was there the Peace of Augsburg 1555?Charles and Ferdinand had failed to suppress Lutheranism and they had also no longer had the financial means to attack.
They hoped that giving recognition to Luther who was moderate would prevent more radical groups from emerging. - 9How far were the Ecclesiastic Ordinances a factor towards Calvin's success?Laid down the role of the Consistory
Established the Grabeau
Organised Institutes of the Catholic Religion was appealing to those who wanted clear structure - this spilled to places with no central authority such as Poland.
Stress on Biblical Authority - unlike any other movement.
Ridding his opponents - Bolsec, Servetus, the Perrins (Libertines)
Compromise between Luther and Zwingli on the issue of the Eucharist - 10Calvin succeeded because he rid himself of opposition...Y- Bolsec and Servetus
Y - Libertines
N - Taverns were not accepting of Calvin's wish to be places where people could hear Bible readings - He learned to compromise.
He overcame all opposition by 1555! - 11Calvin succeeded because of his religious beliefs...Clearly organised IOCR
Double Predestination gave purpose to people
Consistory - Judicial role also
Compromise between Zwingli and Luther on beliefs surrounding the Eucharist - 12Why was Anabaptism crushed in 1535?Positive merging of Catholic and Protestants to attack Munster
They were radicals and stuck out from the beliefs of both Catholics and Protestants - they had no support.
They dismissed authority and would not pay taxes or tithes.
Their military leadership was not strong enough to confront the merge of troops who were encouraged to rape, pillage and murder on their entrance to Munster. - 13Why was there opposition to the Anabaptists?They rejected both Catholic and Protestant faith meaning that they had no support.
When the Catholics and the Protestants merged together they simply could not defeat them.
They did not pay taxes or tithes to authority and simply undermined its presence.
They were a radical group who stood out, where under Bockleston, the council lived off of luxury while the people starved. - 14Jesuits contribution to the Catholic ReformationMissionary Work in Brazil, Goa and India
Education and the opposition to the slave trade.
Spiritual Exercises were favoured by many as they were flexible and there was a position for everybody in the Jesuit community.
They had support from the Popes, but were suspected by many as being papal spies.
The Council of Trent, however, played a key part in the Catholic reformation as this is where doctrine was decided and compromises made. - 15Pope Paul 111's approval to the JesuitsConcilium 1537
Agreed with the movement's ideals
Loyola seeked papal approval and Paul liked this because he saw this as loyalty and moderate movements.
Loyola attracked high - born ladies such as Pope Paul's grandson's wife Margaret of Austria. - 16Criticism of the Renaissance PopesFinancial Mismanagement of Pope Leo X
Papal Corruption
Absenteeism - 17The Papacy's role in the reformationPope Paul 111 and the Concillium
Encouraged New Orders
Reassertion of Papal Authority under Pope Paul 111 after the Sack of Rome
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- A-Level History (Reformation of Europe) Flashcards on Key points to expand upon, created by Amber Turley on 15/05/2016.
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- Amber Turley
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