Flashcards
Glycogenolysis and Glycogenesis
Cards in this deck (8)
- 1How much glycogen would you expect in a well fed persons liver and muscles?100g in liver and 400g in muscle.
- 2Why does gluconeogenesis always occur in the liver.The liver is the only place which has the glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme required to convert glucose-6-phosphate to glucose.
- 3Describe the process of adding glucose onto glycogen.Glucose-1-phosphate is reacted with UTP by the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase which forms UDP glucose (glucose with a uridine on it). UDP glucose then attaches to glycogen strands by the enzyme glycogen synthase.
- 4Describe how branches are formed in glycogen. Why are branches beneficial in glycogen?Long chains of glucose molecules joined by a 1-4 glycosidic bond are cleaved by branching enzymes and then reattached on the 1-6 glycosidic bond position forming a branch. Branches allow for quicker breakdown and more efficient storage of glycogen.
- 5What molecule do we need present when we break glucose from glycogen chain? What molecule is formed when glucose is cleaved from the end of a glycogen chain?Inorganic phosphate (Pi). Forms glucose-1-phosphate.
- 6What enzymes cause glycogen synthase to become active or inactive? What external factors might influence these enzymes?Protein phosphatase activates glycogen synthase, Glucose-6-phosphate and insulin activate protein phosphatase. Protein kinase A deactivates glycogen synthase which is activated by glucagon, adrenaline and Ca2+.
- 7Does insulin cause GLUT 4 to move to or away from the cell membrain?Towards the cell membrain.
- 8What is allosteric regulation?Regulation by protein molecules
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- Exercise Metabolism Flashcards on Glycogenolysis and Glycogenesis, created by alexlpeart on 29/04/2013.
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