Flashcards
Personality lecture 2 FLASHCARDS
Cards in this deck (36)
- 1The three parts of Freuds structual model are...The Id, Ego and Superego
- 2Freuds 5 psychosexual stages of development are...Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital (OAP's Love Genitals) !!
- 3The Life drive is called the... The death drive is called the...Eros/Libido
Thanatos - 4The key assumptions behind psychoanalytic theory are... Psychic determination...We are determined by our UNCONSCIOUS
- 5Unconscious instinctual urges...We are driven by these urges
- 6Psychic conflict...Personality is determined by unconscious conflicts between the Id, ego and superego
- 7Psychic energy is needed to...Make the mind work
- 8This energy cannot be destroyed so psychoanalytic therapy is needed to...Free up the energy and access the unconscious
- 9The topographic (iceberg) model is made up of the...Conscious, pre-conscious and unconscious
- 10The conscious is... The pre-conscious is... The unconscious is...Our current awareness (we know it's there)
Just below the surface (we can access if we need to)
Not voluntarily accessed - 11The id is... The ego is... The superego is...The primitive, irrational pleasure principle (want it now)
The rational, reality principle (mediates between the id and superego)
The moral principle, 'that's not appropriate' (modifies behaviour to fit social norms) - 12Personality is determined by...The way unconscious conflicts between the id, ego and superego are resolved
- 13The oral stage (0-18 months)Physical: mouth
Psychological: dependent (feed me)
Adult character: Too dependent/independent (push people away or can't cope being alone)
Fixation: biting nails, smoking, excessive drinking/eating - 14The anal stage (18 months to 3 1/2 years)...Physical: anus
psychological: self control/obedience
Adult character: Too organised (anally retentive) or disorganised or hostile (anally expulsive)
Fixation: potty training - 15Phallic stage (3 1/2 to 6 years)Physical: penis
Psychological: sexual identification with parent
Adult character: promiscuous or asexual
Fixation: oedipus or electa complex - 16Latency stage (6 years- puberty)Period of calm, not much goes on except bodily changes
- 17Genital stage (puberty- adulthood)...Physical: genitals
Psychological: sexual reproduction, intellectual and artistic creativity
Adult character: well adjusted and balanced - 18Ego defence mechanisms are the way we deal with anxiety: Denial...Pretend anxiety- provoking stimuli do not exist/are not present
- 19Repression...Push anxiety into the unconscious
- 20Regression...Revert back to previous stages of development fixated on
- 21Reaction formation...Take opposite belief/action to what causes the anxiety
e.g. homophobia- go out of our way to be extra nice, reflecting the opposite of what we actually feel - 22Projection...Place own unacceptable impulses onto others (e.g. accuse others of being racist, homophobic)
- 23Rationalisation...Supply logical reasoning instead of real reasoning (try and supply evidence to avoid our emotions)
- 24Intellectualism...Avoid unacceptable emotions by focusing on intellect instead
- 25Displacement...Take impulse out on less threatening target (screaming at your cat when annoyed)
- 26Sublimation...Act out the unacceptable impulse in a socially acceptable way (sport, writing a song etc.)
- 27Freudian slips are...Slips of the tongue in which we say what we are unconsciously thinking instead of what we actually mean to say
- 28Dreams 'the royal road to the unconscious' provide...The id impulse a stage for expression so the unconscious is revealed
- 29The manifest content of our dreams is...What we see and remember
- 30The latent content of our dreams...What is really being said unconsciously (our true desires from the id) through symbolism
- 31Psychoanalytic therapy: Aims...To uncover repressed, unconscious material to release stored anxiety
- 32Techniques...Dream analysis, free association and transference
- 33Projective personality tests...The Rorschach inkblot test (describe what you see in the inkblot)
Thematic apperception test (TAT) Tell stories about ambiguous pictures you are shown - 34Strengths of Freud's theory...Evidence for the unconscious perceiving things the conscious mind cannot
Defense mechanisms e.g. repression appear to occur
Catharsis is helpful to physical and mental health
Lab studies have demonstrated transference - 35Criticisms of Freud's theory...Concepts such as 'psychic energy' cannot be measured
Difficult to test empirically
Role of the environment is overlooked
Over-emphasis on SEX
Limitations of using the case study method
Focuses on heterosexual males as 'the norm'
IGNORES WOMEN - 36Eysenck (1952) study questioning the efficacy of psychotherapy...Compared patients who received psychotherapy, had been hospitalised for neurosis or were treated only by their GP
Recovery rates:
Psychoanalysis = 44%
Hospitalised = 64%
GP's only = 72%
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- Psychology Flashcards on Personality lecture 2 FLASHCARDS, created by Anya Saddler on 30/09/2016.
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