Flashcards
Women
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1What changed during the war for women?They ran the county while the men weren't there many linguists joined the secret service and women did all the 'manly jobs' as well as the men did them thus proved themselves. Lady reading organised the land army of women to farm the land and provide food, women were trained for many jobs
- 2What changed during the 50's?1) Government training courses for women who had contributed to the war effort introduced however not paid the same as men
2) More women joined trade unions which on the whole safeguarded their interests
3) Ban on married women teaching and working in the public sector lifted
4) Medical schools encourage to admit women and if one in 5 admissions were women they received grants, also all hospital jobs available for women, scholarships available for women
5) some nurseries conned an school dinners provided for all - 3What percentage of women worked before the war and what percentage worked in 51'?10% before 22% in 51'
- 4What were some issues with women in work?Stereotype of housewife still prominent, men often saw it as shame as not being able to provide if woman worked
- 5When and where from did the equal pay campaign start and what happened?In 1951 women in the civil service, teaching and local government campaigned through demonstrations marches etc, and in 55' equal pay was granted for these 3 areas
- 6What were some issues for equal pay?Many women worked part time so it was hard to prove lesser rates, often women's jobs were women only jobs so there low pay could not be given an exact comparison and the act in 55 had no influence on the private sector
- 7What happened in terms of equal opportunities?In 1944 free education was provided for all through secondary school, however many were separate and girls had to do subjects like domestic science, in 1954 the government decided too many girls were passing the 11 plus exam (an exam that granted a place at grammar school) and put quotas on how many girls could go
- 8What hostility was there to working women?1) the governments concern about the falling birth rate meant that it wanted young married women to stay at home. The family allowances act was only payable to the mother if she had two or more children
2) John Bowlby argued it was physiologically damaging for a child to separated from their mother for any length of time. This influenced many women - 9What encouraged/ made it easier women to stay housewives in the 50's?1) The clean air act had reduced pollution
2) Technology made it easier e.g. the washing machine, vacuum etc
3) Mass production meant that this technology was affordable
4) All adverts encouraged housewifery and many products advertised warnings if women did not do the house work - 10Why in 1957 did Prime Harold Macmillan tell the British electorate that 'most of our people had never had it so good'1) Unemployment had stayed low throughout the 1950's, with the highest 400,000 2) More and more women were going to out to work 3) Mass production resulted in electrical goods becoming cheaper and, by thus meaning most could afford household gadgets, 4) many more people than before owned their owen houses
- 11What problems did the Royal commission identify for women in work in 1968?- On average women were being paid 75% more than women doing the same job
- There were a lack of nurseries for women with children too young to go to school
- Women's role in housewifery was still deeply embedded in many people - 12What happened at the for factory in dagenham and when?In 1968, 40 women workers went on strike over equal pay. After a three week strike they settled for 92 percent the rate of male workers. They then asked their union to set up a conference on discrimination against women
- 13Who were the fawcett society and what did they do?Lobbied Mp's for equal opportunities. In 1969 a rally of 300, 000 people happened
- 14What was the significance of the treaty of rome?The treaty of rome which Britain had to sign to enter the Common Market (now european union) said that men and women had to have equal pay and equal opportunities
- 15Who was Barbara castle and what did she do?She was the labor governments secretary of state for employment and she began working towards an agreement with the government, trade unions and confederation of British Industry for equal pay
In 1970 Castle introduced an equal pay act into the house of commons that was approved by both Houses of Parliament and came into full effect in 1975 - 16What happened in the 60's that helped women's opportunities in terms of opportunities?A whole new wave of universities was opened enabling more women to go to higher education
- 17What happened in terms of law in the 70's for women?The sex discrimination act of 1975- the act established the equal opportunities commission thats main duty was to promote equality between the sexes and to keep an eye on the Equal pay act of 1970
- 18What influenced women to join the Women's liberation movement?There were many liberation magazines, many prominent writers and actresses were feminists, lesser known women such as the fishermen's wives in Hull and the bus conductresses
- 19What happened in terms of the women's liberation in the 70's?In Feb 70's first National Women's conference was held at Oxford - demanded equal pay, free contraception, abortion and on demand nurseries.
In 70' the miss Worlds contest was disrupted by protestors who through smoke bombs and flour - 20When was the pill introduced in the UK? and why were its users such a minority?1961,
Gp's would only prescribe to those in marriage , there was nowhere to go for single women until the Brook clinics opened in 64 - 21When did and what with did the state commit to family planning?The family planning act of 1967;
- 22When was the abortion act?1967
- 23Why did attitudes toward abortion change?The tragedy of deformed babies due to the mother taking drug thalidomide during pregnancy made people think it was necessary,
the church said it was ok if there was a threat to the mothers life or well being, in 67 the Liberal MP David Steel introduced the Abortion Bill that was passed (allowing abortion possible up to 28th ( later 24th) week provided two doctors agreed it was needed - 24What and when was the Divorce reform act?69' Before divorce financially crippling and very hard to get unless you were the 'innocent party', after if marriage broken down divorce possible. Furthermore the Matrimonial property act recognised womens work and contribution to finances of family
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- Flashcards on Women, created by blueaweiss on 07/04/2014.
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