Flashcards
Memory
Cards in this deck (16)
- 1What is memory?The mental process used to encode, store and retrieve information.
- 2Factors that effects memory are...Interests, emotions, novelty, meaning, repetition.
- 3What is capacity?The amount of information that can be held within a memory store.
- 4What is duration?The length of time information can be held within a memory store.
- 5Short term and long term memory capacities are...7 +_ 2 and unlimited.
- 6Short term and long term durations are...18 seconds and forever.
- 7What did Joseph Jacobs learn from his research?Digit span - give participant a number of digits, asks them to recall them and adds another each time. Mean span was 9.3 for items and 7.3 for letters.
- 8Strengths and weaknesses of Jacobs' research are...+ Results have been confirmed in other studies.
- Research is old meaning there are likely uncontrolled variables. - 9What did George Miller do?Made observation that things often came in sevens so concluded the capacity for STM is 7. He also observed Chunking.
- 10Evaluation of George Millers research...- There is contradictory evidence that suggests he overestimated. Cowan (2001) capacity is more likely to be 4.
- 11What did Peterson and Peterson find in their research?Tested 24 students using trigrams and asking them to count back to prevent rehearsal before being asked to recall the trigram. Did this for varied lengths of time to determine duration of STM. Found that it's about 18 seconds.
- 12Peterson and Peterson evaluation...- Meaningless stimuli and material was artificial which is not representative of real life memory, so it lacks external validity.
- 13Harry Bahrick (1975) showed...That the duration of LTM was a long time by using 392 participants and their yearbooks. He did a photo recognition test and a free recall test. Both preformed well with those who lest school the least amount of time ago doing better.
- 14Strengths and weaknesses of Harry Bahricks research...+ High external validity as the memories used were personal and therefore representative.
- Confounding variables that people may have looked at their yearbooks since leaving school. - 15What did Shepherd (1967) show?Showed participants 612 memorable images then again mixed with others an hour later and again in 4 months. Participants showed very good recognition and hour later (90%) and good 4 months later (50%).
- 16Shepherd evaluation...- The images used were irrelevant and bore no meaning to the participants.
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- A-Level Psychology (Memory ) Flashcards on Memory, created by Emmie Westley on 29/01/2017.
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- Emmie Westley
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