Flashcards
Process of memory terms
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1Attkinson shiffrin modelrepresents memory as consisting of three separate stores (components) called sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory
- 2control processin the Atkinson–Shiffrin multi-store model, an activity that is consciously performed to assist the memory process, such as attention and maintenance rehearsal
- 3structural featurein the Atkinson–Shiffrin multi-store model, a permanent, built-in fixed feature of memory that does not vary from one situation to the other.
e.g. the duration of sensory memory - 4iconic memoryvisual sensory memory for incoming visual information that stores visual images in their original sensory form for a third of a second
duration- 0.2-0.4 of a second - 5echoic memoryauditory sensory memory for incoming auditory information that stores sounds in their original sensory form for about three or four seconds
duration- 3-4 seconds - 6short term memorya memory system with limited storage capacity in which information is stored for a relatively short time, unless renewed in some way; also functions as ‘working memory’.
function- receives information from the sensory memory and transfers info to and from LTM
-maintains information in conscious awareness for immediate use
capacity- 7+-2 items
duration- 18-30 seconds, longer if renewed - 7working memorythe active processing and use of information that enables us to actively ‘work on’ and manipulate information while we undertake our everyday tasks
- 8long term memorya memory store that holds a potentially unlimited amount of information for a very long time, possibly permanently
capacity- potentially unlimited
duration- potentially permanent
function- information storage for re-access and usage for a later time - 9explicit memory/declarativememory that occurs when information can be consciously or intentionally retrieved and stated
- 10semantic memorythe long-term explicit memory of facts and knowledge about the world
- 11episodic memorythe long-term explicit memory of personally experienced events
- 12implicit memorymemory that does not require conscious or intentional retrieval
- 13procedural memorythe long-term implicit memory of motor skills and actions that have been learned previously
- 14classically conditioned memoryimplicit memory of conditioned responses to conditioned stimuli acquired through classical conditioning
- 15sensory memoryThe entry point of memory in which the stimuli that bombard the senses are retained in their original sensory form for a very brief time.
capacity- potentially unlimited
duration- momentary, 0.2-4 seconds
function- receives sensory information from the environment
-enables perceptual continuity for the world around us - 16hippocampusa structure located deep within the brain that plays a crucial role in the consolidation of most of our memories
role- consolidates explicit memories into long term memory by transferring them to the cerebral cortex
-helps to form emotional memories - 17amygdalaa structure located deep within the brain that plays a crucial role in the processing of emotions.
role- contributes to the formation of explicit (episodic) memories as it stimulates the hippocampus to encode the emotional detains into LTM, when an event has heightened arousal - 18cerebral cortexouter layer of the brain involved in complex mental abilities, sensory processing and voluntary behaviours.
role- stores long term explicit memories - 19cerebelluma structure located at the base of the brain involved in coordination, balance, and storage of procedural memories.
role- involved in the encoding and temporary storage of implicit procedural memories for motor skills
-forms and stores implicit memories of simple reflexes through classical conditioning - 20encodingthe conversion of information into a useable form so that it can be neurologically represented and stored in memory
- 21storagethe retention of information in memory over time by organising information in memory so that it may be used or retrieved when required
- 22retrievalthe recovery of stored information and bringing into conscious awareness for use when needed
- 23how does echoic memory assist us to hear sounds as meaningful wordsechoic memory stores impressions of sound for 3-4 seconds for each impression to slightly overlap the next.
3-4 seconds is long enough for us to be able to link impressions of sound with the next syllable or word, so when we pay attention to them we are able to make sense of the sounds as a word or the words as a sentence - 24how iconic memory assists use to see surroundings as continuousiconic memory stores impressions of images for .2-.4 seconds, allowing each impression to slightly overlap the next. This is long enough for us to link the impressions of the image to the next image we see, so that when we pay attention to them, we are able to make sense of the world as continuous
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- 11 Psychology (UNIT 3- AOS 2) Flashcards on Process of memory terms, created by Bonnie McDonald on 23/04/2017.
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- Bonnie McDonald · Apr 2017
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- May 18, 2017
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