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Evaluating the Multi Store Model of Memory
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- 1Clive Wearing supports the MSMIn free recall tests, he showed good recency effects but poor primary effects, showing the first bits of information he heard was forgotten. His STM is normal but cannot transfer to the LTM.
- 2Clive Wearing also criticises the model for being too simpleHe could still play the piano and remember his wife which shows some form of LTM. Hence, there seems to be more than one type of LTM - such as procedural, semantic and declarative memories.
- 3Glazer and Cunitz have evidence for the modelThey carried out a serial position curve and found people recalled more words from the beginning of a list (primary effect -these words have gone to LTM) and the end of the list (recency effect, these words are still in STM).
- 4Craik and Watkins (1973) criticise the idea of rehearsalThey conducted a word remembering task and found that recall was unrelated to the duration of the STM or the number of times words were rehearsed, suggesting rehearsal doesn't improve recall
- 5Lab studies provide empirical evidence for the modelThey have high control over the variables to establish a clear cause and effect, for example, showing the primary and recency effect can be linked to the STM and LTM.
- 6Lab studies can also be a weaknessArtificial settings mean the research is low in ecological validity, task validity and mundane realism. Hence, it can't be used to explain how the theory works in the real world.
- 7Studies of amnesia patients provide strong evidence for the distinction between STM and LTMPatients regular show faults in one store but not the other. As no experiment needs to b carried out, this is an ethical way to test the MSM and find differences between the stores.
- 8Case studies can also be a weaknessIt is testing one unique individual's case of brain damage - it cannot be generalised to everybody with brain damage so can't explain now memory works for 'normal' people
- 9The MSM theory can benefit studentsIt shows that rehearsal is a good way to get information into the LTM, hence allowing students and teachers to improve revision techniques
- 10It can be argued that the MSM is too simple of an explanation of memoryIt doesn't emphasise interactions between the stores but we know different memory stores work together - the information in the LTM influences what the sensory memory pays attention to
- 11Rehearsal is too simplistic of a process for getting information into the LTMMSM ignores factors such as effort and strategy and it doesn't account for the type of information taken into the memory. A better theory would consider levels of processing and where they are processed.
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- A level Psychology (Cognitive Psychology) Flashcards on Evaluating the Multi Store Model of Memory , created by Emma Lloyd on 22/05/2017.
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