Attachment 2

Attachment 2

1. Bowlby's Theory

   • Evolutionary, innate
   • Monotropy
     • 1 rel most
       • Continuity
         • Accumulated separation
   • Social Releasers
     • Innate cute
       • Activate
         • Reciprocal
     • Internal Working Model
       • Mental representation
         • Base own experiences
   • Critical Period
     • 2Y
       • Sensitive
         • Max
           • Harder later
   • Evaluation
     • S & E
       • Most 1 first
         • Unique?
           • Predicting
             • Strong not diff
     • Ignore
       • Strong distress
         • Significant
           • Elicit
     • 99 mothers
       • Poor attach own mum
         • Baby poor attach
           • IWM passed on
     • Implications
       • Blame
         • Work?

2. Ainsworth's SS

   • 1) Child explore
     • Expl & sec base
   • 2) Stranger interacts
     • Stranger anxiety
   • 3) Leave child & stranger
     • Sep & strang anx
   • 4) Return, strang leave
     • Reunion, expl & sec base
   • 5) Child alone
     • Sep anx
   • 6) Strang returns
     • Strang anx
   • 7) Return & reunited
     • Reunion
   • Secure
     • Explore
       • Go back
         • Moderate
           • Comfort
             • 60-75%
   • Avoidant
     • No proximity
       • No reaction/ anxiety
         • 20-25%
   • Resistant
     • Inc proximity
       • Huge anx
         • Resist comfort
           • 3%
   • Evaluation
     • Type predicts
       • Secure good, resistant bad
         • Validity
     • Agree 94%
       • Not who
         • Reliable
     • Culture
       • All respond diff
         • Diff meaning
           • Japan, Germany
     • Anx temperament not type
       • Less valid

3. Cultural Variations

   • Van I
     • Analysed 32 studies
       • 1990 pps
     • Lots variation
       • Most secure
         • Least resistant
           • Avoidant high Germany, low Japan
             • Same 150% more than diff
   • Simonella (Italy)
     • 76 12M
       • 50% secure
         • 36% avoidant
           • Less than others
             • Work/childcare
   • Jin (Korea)
     • Compared
       • Similar
         • High resistant
           • 1 avoidant
             • Similar Japan
   • Conclusions
     • Secure norm
       • Innate & universal
         • Culture influences
   • Evaluation
     • Large sample
       • Inc internal validity
         • Low impact anomalies
     • Countries not cultures
       • Over-represent
         • Specify cultural chars
     • Method biased
       • Imposed etic
         • Germany