cell

cell

1. plasma membrane

   • Functions
     • physical isolation
     • regulation of exchange with the enviornment
     • sensitivity to the enviornment
     • structural support
   • structure
     • phosopholipid bilayer
       • hydrophilic heads
       • hydrophobic fatty-acid tails
     • integral proteins
       • receptor proteins
         • respond to ligands
       • carrier proteins
         • require ATP
       • channels
         • small/ water-soluble
     • peripheral proteins
     • anchoring proteins
       • stabilizer
     • recognition proteins
       • identifiers
   • carbonhydates
     • types
       • proteoglycans
       • glycoproteins
       • glycolipids
     • functions
       • extend outside cell membrane
       • form glycocalyx
         • lubrication and protection
         • anchoring and locomomtion
         • specificity in blinding
         • recognition

2. Cytosol (intracellular fluid)

   • dissolved materials
     • nutrients
     • ions
     • proteins
     • waste products
   • high potassium/ low sodium
   • high protein
   • high carbonhydrate/ low amino acid and fat

3. Organelles

   • nonmembranous organelles
     • cytoskeleton
       • microfilaments
       • intermediate filaments
       • microtubules
     • microvilli
     • centrioles
     • cilla
     • ribosomes
     • proteasomes
   • membranous organelles
     • endoplasmic reticulum
     • Golgi apparatus
     • lysosomes
     • peroxisomes
     • mitochondria