Psychology - Memory Strategies (mnemonics)

Psychology - Memory Strategies (mnemonics)

1. Verbal Mnemonics

   • Acronyms
   • Acrostic
   • Rhymes
   • Chunking

2. Visual Mnemonics

   • Method of Loci
   • Mind Maps
   • Key words

3. Bower and Clark 1969

   • Aim
     • To find if narrative stories aids long term memory recall
   • Participants
     • 2 groups of participants with two conditions
   • Design
     • Each group is given 12 lists of 10 words. First group has to make a story using the words.
     • The other group had to just learn the words
   • Findings
     • Both groups remembered the words on the lists
     • The narrative group could remember them when asked to repeat them
   • Conclusion
     • Narrative stories aid recall from LTM
   • Strengths
     • Links to MSM
     • Uses as control condition, which meant IV could be measured
     • Long term memory as the words are rehearsed during the creation of stories.
   • Weaknesses
     • Lacks ecological validity
       • You wouldn't need to learn lists

4. Overton 1972

   • Aim
     • Find if biological state affects whether you remember this
   • One group was sober whilst the other was drunk
   • Told to remember certain things in chosen states
   • PPs could only remember the events when in the state they were in
     • Suggests that state dependent cues aid recall
   • Strengths
     • Demonstrates importance of retrieval cues in memory recall
     • Low ecological validity