LT6 - The Cognitive Interview.

LT6 - The Cognitive Interview.

1. AO1

   • Fisher and Geiselman
     • Numerous Retrieval Paths
       • If memory is inaccessible, diff path used
     • Made up of Several Features
       • Retrieval effectiveness depends on how much it overlaps with memory trace
   • Spreading Activation Model
     • LTM concepts
       • Linked
         • Complex network
           • Each concept has many links
             • Numerous pathways a concept can be reached
   • 1 - Context Reinstatement
     • Mentally Reinstate the context of target event. Recall scene, weather, thoughts, feelings, preceding events
       • "Take yourself back...close eyes...how you feel..Walk me through from beginning
     • 2 - Report Everything
       • Report every (trivial) detail
         • 'Can you recall the event but don't leave anything out even if it seems unimportant'
       • 3 - Recall from changed perspective
         • Describe episode seen from diff viewpoints
           • 'Can you recall event from viewpoint X'
         • 4 - Recall in reverse order
           • Prevents lying, several diff temporal orders, back and forwards in time
             • 'Can you recall...'
   • Enhanced Cognitive Interview
     • Minimising distractions
       • Low furniture
     • Speak slower
       • No repetition
     • Build a rapport
       • Reducce anxiety
         • Coffee, water, blanket
     • Avoid judgement
     • 45% more correct statement (Fisher

2. AO3

   • Weaknesses
     • P: Mixed results with children
       • E1: MEMON & Bull - Children sub 7 struggle with order of events + diff perspectives
         • E2: MILNE & Bull - Children and Adults interviewed with diff parts of CI
           • E3: Individually, no part of CI was better than unstrutured
             • L: CI should be adapted, some of it seems unnecessary
     • P: Time Consuming
       • E1: Kebbell and Wagstaff - Staff training, unlikely the 'proper' version is effectively emploerd
         • E2: Police are relvucant
           • L: Reduces usefulness
   • Strengths
     • P: Supporting Evidence
       • E1: Fisher - 30% more info
         • E2: Geiselmen - Witnesses less influenced by misleading info
           • E3: Kohnken et al - Meta-analysis of 53 studies, 34% increase in accuate info
             • L: Credibility
               • CP: Kohnken also found increase in accurate info