Chapter Seven : Memory

Chapter Seven : Memory

1. Memory: nervous system's ability to retain and retrieve skills and knowledge

   • Encoding/Learning
   • Store/Retain/Consolidate
     • Storage based on meaning and associations in LTM
   • Retrieve/Remember

2. Memory In The Brain

   • Equipotentiality
   • Hebbian Learning : neurons that fire together wire together
   • Encoding --> Hippocampus and Temporal Lobes

3. Types of Memory

   • Sensory Memory : Temporary memory system tied to each sense
     • Echoic, Iconic
     • Brief duration, unlimited capacity, vivid, no conscious effort, requires attention
   • Working Memory
     • Many types of information, involves retention and manipulation. Requires conscious effort.
     • Achieved with chunking and memory span (-+7)
   • Long Term Memory
     • Unlimited duration and capacity
     • Organization of Long Term Memories
       • Encoding-->
       • Storage (based on meaning
       • Retrieval Cues
         • Spontaneous Retrieval
     • Levels of Processing
       • Shallow (appearance)
       • Deep (meaning)

4. Systems Of Long Term Memory

   • Implicit Memory: no effort
     • Classical Conditioning
     • Procedural
     • Priming
   • Explicit Memory
     • Declarative
       • Episodic
       • Semantic
     • Prospective
   • Hippocampus: store LTM

5. Memory Failure

   • Fail
     • decay, interference, blocking, retrieval error, encoding failure, persistence,
   • Distortion
     • misattribution, bias suggestability, amnesia (anter/retro), interference (pro/retro active) reconstruction

6. Memory Systems In the Brain

   • Prefrontal Cortex (working memory)
   • Temporal Lobes (declarative)
   • Amygdala (fear)
   • Hippocampus (spacial)
   • Cerebellum (motor)