Non-Verbal Communication

Non-Verbal Communication

1. Verbal Communication

   • Paralinguistics
     • The vocal features that accompany speech
       • Tone of voice
       • Emphasis
       • Intonation
   • Passing information on using words or vocal sounds
   • Argyle, Alkema and Gilmour
     • Hostile/friendly message
     • Tone had 5x the effect of message

2. Key words

   • Communication
     • Passing information from one person to another
   • Non-verbal communication
     • Conveying messages without words
   • Posture
     • Positioning of the body
   • Closed posture
     • Folded arms/legs
   • Open posture
     • Not folded arms/legs
   • Individual differences
     • Factors that make people different to others eg. personality

3. Eye Contact

   • When two people in conversation are looking into each other's eyes
   • Argyle
     • Dark glasses

4. Pupil Dilation

   • Hess
     • Pic with dilated pupils was more attractive
   • When the pupils in the eyes expand

5. Facial Expressions

   • Sackeim
     • Hemispheres of the brain
       • Left expressed more emotion

6. Posture

   • McGinley
     • Postural Echo
       • Unconscious message of friendliness

7. Gestures

   • Lynn and Mynier
     • Position of waitress
   • Information is conveyed deliberately or not by movement of parts of the body

8. Touch

   • Fisher, Rytting and Heslin
     • Librarian touch
   • Information is conveyed by physical contact between people

9. Personal Space

   • Summer
     • Cultural norms
   • Argyle and Dean
     • Sex differences
   • Zahn
     • Social Status
   • Distance we keep between ourselves and other people