Population

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population case studies and about population

international migration (Poland to the UK)

Poland joined the EU in 2004. the EU law was that people who lived in Poland could migrate to the UK meaning that they could work and live there.

the reason push factors of why people where leaving Poland are listed below:

1. Unemployment by 20% in Poland

2. low wages. people were earning £! and hour.

3. school teachers earned £200 a month.

the pull factors of why people wanted to work in the UK are listed below:

1. there where more vacancies in the UK

2. the minimum wage per hour in the UK was £6.08 in 2011

3. school caretakers earned £200 a month in the UK

Consequences of migrating to the UK:

1. there where less workers in the building/ constructing department. ladies had to take up work and do jobs that are designed for men.

2. less working age to support the elderly that where left behind.

3. about £4 billion was sent back to Poland from the polish that were working in the UK.

4. the people that had migrated to the UK were of working age, (youthful population). the elderly couldn't move as they cannot work and need to be supported with care.

problems that the residents of the UK felt:

1. many residents may have conflict with the migrants as they think that the polish are taking up their jobs and housing.

2. landlords that rented out rooms seemed to be over crowded which caused noise pollution,more rubbish and and increase in traffic congestion.

3.stress is placed on healthcare services and schools as people do not speak English therefore they need the help of a translator. which costs money.

The government had expected 13,000 people to migrate to the UK but within a 2 year period 600,000 people had migrated to the UK.

management of migration:

countries that had joint the EU the latest such as Bulgaria and Romania were controlled and tightened to a certain amount of people.

the government could control the amount of working migrants depending on their age,skills and language.

the one child policy China

china is the worlds 3rd largest country by area.

it has the largest population by about 1.3 billion people.

there are about 70 cities within china that have a population of about 1 million or more.

china is known as the work shop of the world. as they are becoming more advanced.

why they introduced the one child policy?

they introduced the one child policy because by 1970 the population was at 830 million and china couldn't sustain its growing population.

this lead to people suffering from famine as china could not provide everyone with the resources such as clean water to drink and electricity.

the quality of Chinese life back in 1970 was quite poor. therefore the Chinese government decided to reduce the population quickly by introducing something that could stop the population from increasing any further.

effects of the policy:

the ratio of girls to boys was 100:120 which meant that there were a lot of men that were left unmarried and were bachelors. social and cultural issues such as older women marrying younger men.

the new generation are known to be spoilt brats. the little emperor syndrome which meant that the future population of china were going to be spoilt as many are spoilt by their grandparents and parents.

there are about 13 million abortions each year in china, whereas some are forced abortions. more girls are born than boys.

a greying population will be formed as there will be an ageing population and a less working population. if there arent enough people to pay taxes they may have to increase the amount of tax that is meant to be payed.

was it successful?

yes,it was successful because 300/400 million births where prevented.

the fertility rate fell from 5.7% in 1970 to 2.9% in 1979.

women had better pre-natal care.

it reduced the population growth and improved the quality of life for most Chinese people.

NO, because there will be an ageing population which is a new problem all together.

the strategies that where used are listed below:

for one child you would receive free housing,free education and free pension and benefits.

you would also get free contraception and family planning that was provided by the government.

if you had a second child you would fined and all your free benefits would be taken of you.

couples had to ask for permission by the boss whether they could go home to try for a child.

the marrying ages for women was 22 and for men the marrying age was 20.

ageing population is where the population of a country is mostly at the top of the population pyramid. it is when the population of country has more elderly people. this is where the birth rate is low and people are living longer this is most common in MEDC's.

implications of an ageing population:

older people cost the health services more than young people as they require more treatment.

if there arent enough adults of working age than they wont be able to support for the ageing population, therefore taxed will have to rise.

people will have to retire at later ages and will receive less pension.

solutions of an ageing population:

encourage people to have more children and have larger families.

providing families with crèches and nurseries so that working couples can leave them there without any worries.

extend the amount of time mothers can have maternity leave and pay them more while they are at home looking after the baby.

encourage immigration of working class age.

youthful population is where the population of a country is mostly near to the middle of the population pyramid. a youthful population is where a country has more children meaning the death rate has fallen and the birth rate is still high. this is most common ins LEDC'S.

in poorer countries there are more births taking place which is increasing the amount young people.

the implications of these are:

there will be fewer older people to give advice and guidance.

the risk of conflict over resources.

there are insufficient resources such as:

housing,unemployment, lack of health care services and education lack of energy.

the only solution to this is that the government provide free contraception and condoms to them so that it reduced the growth of the population.

population structure is the composition of a countries population by age and sex.

population distribution is the pattern of where people live.

population density is the amount of people living on a kilo meter squared. sparsely populated means that there are less people living on a km squared which means fewer than 10 people per km 2. densely populated means that there are more people living on a km 2 which is about over 50 people per km 2. example is the UK.

factors that affect population density:

vegetation

famine

drought

economy

access

soils

climate

relief

resource

the demographic transition model shows the population change over time.

the birth rate is the amount of babies born per 1000 people.

the death rate is the number of people that die per 1000 people.

natural increase is the difference.

fertility rate is the amount of babies born per every average women.

the worlds population is increasing rapidly, it is described as a population explosion. by 2200 the population will be at about 10.4 billion.