Flashcards
Memory Studies
Flashcards do conjunto (11)
- 1Miller (1956)Identified the magic number, 7±2. Reviewed research and concluded that the span of immediate memory is 7. Found that recalling words is no different than letters because of chunking.
- 2Jacobs (1887)Used the 'digit span technique' and found that recall was better when using digits than letters. He suggests this is because there are 26 letters but only 9 digits to choose from.
Also found that recall improved with age. 8 year olds had lower recall than 18 year olds . - 3Johnson and ScottIdentified the weapon focus effect.
- 4Loftus - anxietyTested the weapon focus effect. The experiment had two conditions, one involving a man holding a weapon and one not. Recall was better in the condition without the weapon.
- 5Parker and Carranza (1993)Compared primary school children with college students by showing them a mock crime and asking them to identify the individual afterwards. The younger participants had a higher rate of choosing but were less accurate than the college students.
- 6Yarmey (1993)Stopped adults in public places and asked them to recall the physical characteristics of a woman to whom they had spoken to 2 minutes earlier. Found that there was no difference in recall between the different age groups but the older age group were less confident in choosing.
- 7Memon (2003)Studied the effects of delay between age groups and found that when the delay was short there was no difference in recall between older and younger witnesses but that the recall of older witnesses was lower than younger witnesses after a delay of a week.
- 8Anastasi and Rhodes (2006)Showed different age groups 24 photos which they had to rate for attractiveness. They were then presented with the photos again as well as 24 other distractor photos. Recognition rates were higher for the two younger age groups. Also found that all the age groups were most accurate in identifying those from their own age group.
- 9Baddeley and Hitch (1974)The working memory model
- 10Atkinson and Shriffrin (1968)The multi-store model.
- 11Scoville and Milner (1957)Case study HM: Had brain damage as a result of an operation to remove his hippocampus. Afterwards he could not make any long term memories suggesting that the hippocampus is a 'gateway' for information to get to the LTM store from STM.
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- A Levels Psychology (AS) FlashCards sobre Memory Studies, criado por Jessica Phillips em 07-05-2015.
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- Jessica Phillips
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