How are sports injuries managed and classified?

How are sports injuries managed and classified?

1. Ways to classify sports injuries

   • Direct and Indirect
     • Direct = external force (tackle)
     • Indirect = intrinsic force (torn ligament - sprinting)
   • Soft and Hard Tissue
     • Soft = everything but bone and teeth
     • Hard = bone and teeth
   • Overuse
     • Overuse of a specific body region
     • running on hard surfaces (shin splints)

2. Soft Tissue Injuries

   • Tears,sprains and contusions
     • tears = tissue stretched or severed
     • sprains = streching or tearing a ligament
     • strains = muscle or tendon is streched
   • Skin abrasions, lacerations, blisters
     • abrasions = scraped skin on hard surface
     • laceration = irregular tear of flesh
     • blisters = collection of fluid under skin
   • Inflammatory response
     • phase 1 = inflammatory stage
     • phase 2 = repair stage
     • phase 3 = remodeling stage

3. Hard tissue injuries

   • Fractures
     • Chip or crack in bone
   • Dislocation
     • Displacement of bone at a joint

4. TOTAPS

   • Observe
     • Any signs of swelling or deformity
   • Touch
     • pinpoint area of pain (gently)
   • Active Movement
     • joint movements (flexion + extension)
   • Passive Movement
     • Range of movements (any pain or instability)
   • Skill
     • Peform a game skill
   • Talk
     • What happened