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Flashcards

Pendahuluan dan Sejarah Virologi

raifedora Virology College Inglês 61 flashcards

Pendahuluan dan Sejarah Virologi

Flashcards do conjunto (61)

  1. 1First report of viral infection1400 SM: Hieroglyph in Memphis > paralytic poliomyelitis
  2. 2—Ramses V (1196) > SmallpoxRamses V (1196) > Smallpox
  3. 3Smallpox in 1000SMEndemic virus in China
  4. 41798 : JennerThe pox from mammal > vaccine
  5. 5Germ TheoryRobert Koch and Louis Pasteur (1880)
  6. 6Koch Postulate First point1. Every disease agent has to be found in every case.
  7. 7Koch Postulate point 2The agent must be able to be isolated from the host and cultured in vitro
  8. 8Postulate Koch point 3If pure culture of the agent inoculated into a healthy host susceptible to infection, the host will be infected
  9. 9Koch Postulate point 4The very same agent could be recovered from the latter.
  10. 101890Iwanowski et al: Filtration to TMV -> filtrate is bacteria free yet still infectious
  11. 11Virus meaning (Iwanowski et al)Poison (latin)
  12. 12Rous (1911)Rous Sarcoma Virus in chicken
  13. 13Shope 1933Influenza virus isolated
  14. 14Stanley (1935)Tobacco Mosaic Virus: Composed of Nucleic Acid and protein
  15. 15Hershey, Chase 1952Mechanism of viral infection
  16. 161976 : FiersSequencing of RNA phage genome MS2
  17. 171976: Temin, EricksonRNA Tumor Virus was known
  18. 181984: Gallo, MontagnierAIDS Virus was isolated
  19. 191995: Multiple Drug TreatmentProtease Inhibitors + Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors
  20. 20Virus descriptionparasit intraseluler, punya RNA/DNA tapi tidak keduanya (dikelilingi protein), genom dilepaskan didalam sitoplasma inang, replikasi terjadi dalam sel inang
  21. 21Materi pembentuk virionasam nukleat
    protein
    lipid
    gula
  22. 22Ciri-ciri virionhanya bisa diamati dibawah mikroskop elektron
  23. 23Bandingkan virus dengan selBandingkan virus dengan sel
  24. 24Bandingkan dengan organisme lainBandingkan dengan organisme lain
  25. 25Sifat fisiokimiawi virus1. Sensitif temperatur : 56 derajat kapsid dan envelop rusak > infektivitas turun
    2. pH dan tekanan osmosis : relatif tahan thp kondisi fisiologis
    3. Sensitif terhadap pelarut lemak dan deterjen : ether, kloroform, SDC
  26. 26Partikel Virus (terminologi)Virion
  27. 27capsidprotein yang melindungi genom
  28. 28Capsid+GenomNucleocapsid
  29. 29EnvelopePembungkus, hanya dimiliki beberapa virus
  30. 30—Per biru: asam nukleat
    ungu: nucleocapsid
    krem: Envelope
    abu-abu: capsid    Per biru: asam nukleat ungu: nucleocapsid krem: Envelope abu-abu: capsid
  31. 31Tempat ReplikasiSel inang
  32. 32Siklus replikasiAttachment, penetration, uncoating, multiplication, assembly, release
  33. 33Kenapa belajar virusVirus: sumber penyakit
    Virus bisa menginfeksi semua makhluk hidup.
    Mikroorganisme yang paling banyak di bumi
  34. 34—Virus infectionVirus infection
  35. 35Alasan positif mempelajari virusTools dalam biomol:
    1. promoter untuk RNApol sel eukaryotik
    2. cellular oncogenes
    3. RNA splicing
    4. Replikasi DNA di sel
    5. Enzim reverse transcriptase
  36. 36fungsi virusPhage: untuk typing system pada bakteria Salmonella
    -sumber enzim reverse transcriptase (retrovirus) dan rna pol (phage)
    -Pestisida: baculovirus
    -antibakteri(phage)
    -antikanker(Modifikasi dari gen herpes simplex virus>Spesifik sel kanker
    -protein rekombinan (baculovirus dan adenovirus)
  37. 37Ciri-ciri HostSempit vs luas (?)
    vektor: insekta/mamalia atau insekta/tumbuhan
    -tidak menyebrang batas eu/prokariot
  38. 38Faktor yang memperngaruhi host rangereseptor permukaan, ketersediaan replication machinery, respon inang terhadap anti-viral
  39. 39ICTVInternational committee on taxonomy of viruses
  40. 40Klasifikasiordo - species
  41. 41NomenklaturBahasa latin, Bisa dengan angka-huruf-kombinasi.
  42. 42Famili virusviridae
  43. 43Sub famili virusvirinae
  44. 44genus virus-virus
  45. 45Kriteria klasifikasiMorfologi, tropisme dan transmisi, genomik fungsional
  46. 46Klasifikasi berdasarkan morfologiEnveloped, non enveloped, DNA, RNA
  47. 47DNA/RNA GenomeDNA/RNA Genome
  48. 48Klasifikasi Virion structureKlasifikasi Virion structure
  49. 49Klasifikasi berdasarkan tropisme dan cara transmisi-Hepatitis virus (HVA-HVG kecuali F)
    -Enteric viruses
    -respiratory viruses
    -Arboviruses(anthroda borne viruses)
    -oncogenic viruses
  50. 50Klasifikasi berdasarkan genomik fungsionalmengutamakan alur fungsi genomnya, kompleks, dan dikenal dengan Baltimore (7kelas)
  51. 51Central Dogma Molecular BiologyDNA-mRNA-Protein, replikasi transkripsi, translasi
  52. 52Bedanya central dogma dan modified central dogmaadanya reverse transcription
  53. 53Baltimore system of classificationBaltimore system of classification
  54. 54Virus of eukaryotesVirus of eukaryotes
  55. 55Viruses of bacteriaViruses of bacteria
  56. 56Detection and virus titration : Plaque forming assayDetection and virus titration : Plaque forming assay
  57. 57Hemmaglutination assayHemmaglutination assay
  58. 58ELISAELISA
  59. 59Metode dalam virologiMetode dalam virologi
  60. 60Metode virologi IIMetode virologi II
  61. 61Pencegahan, Kontrol dan pengobatan penyakitpolio(ongoing), hepatitis B(done), measles(done),influenza(rapid mutation-ongoing), hiv (No vaccine, obat anti-retroviral efektif tapi toksis dan mahal, rapid mutation leads to resistance)

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