PSY1011 - LEARNING

Slide 1

• Which of the following is true of taste-aversion conditioning?
• It appears to have an adaptive value

Slide 2

• Psychologists have defined learning as
• the modification through experience of pre-existing behaviour and understanding

Slide 3

• Bill and Ben are about to have breakfast. Their mother asks Bill, ‘What would you like for breakfast?’ Bill answers, ‘I would like some damn porridge.’ She slaps him, then turns to Ben and asks, ‘And what would you like?’ Ben answers, ‘I don’t really care, as long as it isn’t any of that damn porridge!’ Ben’s misunderstanding highlights the importance of
• specifying why punishment is being administered

Slide 4

• Timmy’s therapist wants to implement a reinforcement schedule that results in a slow, steady rate of responding. She should use a ___________ schedule of reinforcement.
• Variable - Interval

Slide 5

• Keleka’s parents often deal with her misbehaviour by not allowing her to watch her favourite TV program, Speed Racer. Marnie’s parents deal with Marnie’s misbehaviour by spanking her. Keleka’s parents are using ___________ and Marnie’s parents are using ___________.
• Punishment; punishment

Slide 6

• Fed up with his son not cleaning around the house, Jack buys a book called Shape Up, which instructs the reader to implement the operant conditioning technique of shaping. According to the book, Jack will want to
• reinforce successive approximations of the desired response

Slide 7

• Which of the following is an example of habituation?
• An infant gradually stops paying attention to a continuous buzzing noise.

Slide 8

• Five-year-old Sandrine jumps and cringes every time she hears thunder. Soon she cringes when she sees lightning because she knows that thunder will follow. One day when she is at her first fireworks show, she cringes when she sees the flash of light from the first fireworks in the sky. Sandrine is displaying
• stimulus generalisation

Slide 9

• Gabby is a 6-year-old girl who has an allergy and becomes nauseated when she eats peanut butter. One day her mother gives her a peanut butter sandwich on a new red plate. Gabby gets sick after eating it. Later her mum gives her a ham sandwich, which Gabby loves, on the same plate, and Gabby gets sick. Soon, all Gabby has to do is look at the red plate and she is nauseated. In this situation, ___________ is the unconditioned response.
• Getting nauseated from the peanut butter

Slide 10

• Stephanie is studying her vocabulary words for German class. Each time she reads the German word and thinks of the English equivalent, she finds it easier to recall the meaning. Stephanie’s experience is best explained by the role of
• neural networks