Flashcards
Distribution, samples & populations
Cards in this deck (17)
- 1What does 'distribution' refer to?The spread of our data
- 2What are descriptive statistics?Descriptions of data (e.g., mean & SD)
- 3What are inferential statistics used for?- To see if our variables are related
- To draw conclusions about the population the data comes from - 4What is the standard error of the mean (SE)?Inferential statistic that tells us how good our sample mean is as an estimate of the population mean
- As N increases, SE decreases = more representative of the population - 5What is the p value?The probability of results occurring if the null hypothesis is true
- 6Generally, what is accepted as a significant p value?p <.05
- 7How many decimals are p values reported to?3
- 8What is a type I error?Claiming an effect when there isn't one
- 9What is a type II error?Claiming there's no effect when there is one
- 10What is a sample?The people participating in the study
- 11What is a population?The people we're interested in generalising our data to
- 12Sample representativeness * W.E.I.R.D *Samples in psychology are usually W.E.I.R.D
W = Western
E = Educated
I = Industrialised
R = Rich
D = Democratic - 13What is sampling?Recruiting participants
- 14Sampling methods * Convenience/opportunity *Using people that are available to us (e.g., students)
(+) Cheap & easy to recruit
(-) Representativeness problems - 15Sampling methods * Random *People are selected from a population entirely at random
(-) Very difficult to do, often impossible - 16Sampling methods * Stratified *Divides the population into subgroups that might be relevant to the research > recruits proportionally from each subgroup
- 17Sampling methods * Snowball *Participants recruit other participants
(+) Fast & easy
(-) Can be less representative than a convenience sample
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- Psychology (PS1813 - Research methods) Flashcards on Distribution, samples & populations, created by Sian Allen on 28/05/2022.
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- Sian Allen
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