Flashcards
Cognitive
Cards in this deck (27)
- 1What are the assumptions of the cognitive approach?1) Informational processing
2) Computer analogy - 2What are the 4 key terms in the informational processing assumption?Perception
Attention
Memory
Language - 3What happens in the computer analogy?Information enters (input)
Processing and storage
Behavioural change (output) - 4What does cognitive mean?Mental process
- 5What are the three memory stores?SM (sensory memory)
STM (short term memory)
LTM (long term memory) - 6what is the duration of the stores?SM- very short
STM- lasts up to 30 seconds
LTM- can last up to a lifetime - 7What is the capacity of the stores?SM- very high
STM- a limited store
LTM- practically unlimited - 8What is the encoding of the stores?SM- depends on the sense
STM- mainly acoustic
LTM- mainly semantic (meaningful) - 9What are the strengths of the memory stores?1) Our knowledge of memory stores allowed us to discover 'chunking' to improve memory
2) There is evidence showing the different characteristics of the stores showing they are separate stores - 10What is free recall?When you can remember without assistance from a cue/ trigger
- 11What is cued recall?When you can't remember without help/ assistance from a cue
- 12What is recognition?Remembering something because of a previous encounter
Might not be able to recall but could recognise from a list of answers - 13What are meaningful cues?Cues that relate to the memory
- 14What are cues without meaning?Cues that don't relate to the memory but can still trigger it
- 15What are the strengths of cues?1) Can uses cues to improve memory
(e.g. BIDMAS)
2) Studies show cues are important in memory retrieval - 16What is a weaknesses of cues?1) Cues are not always useful in everyday life (e.g. a cue could be the classroom which is useless when in an exam)
- 17What is a schema?A cognitive framework that is used to organise and interpret information
- 18What is rationalisation?When you change your memory until it makes sense to you
- 19What is confabulation?When you fill the gaps in your memory
- 20What is shortening?When you shorten the memory and leave out information
- 21What are the strengths of reconstructive memory?1) Memory can be affected and altered by a persons schema
2) Bartlett's research shows how peoples memory can be shortened, rationalised and confabulated - 22What is a weakness of reconstructive memory?1) Memories are not always reconstructed and some can be accurate especially if the memory is important
- 23What is cognitive priming?When exposure to one stimulus influences how you respond to a different stimuli
(e.g. yellow -> banana) - 24What is repetition?A form of direct priming which makes you respond to the situation quicker without thinking through your answer
(e.g. repeatedly saying 'silk' then asked what cows drink) - 25What is semantic priming?When the prime and target belong to similar categories
(e.g. dog and wolf) - 26What is associative priming?When the prime and target are regularly associated
(e.g. bread & butter, cat & mouse) - 27—
Information
- Description
- BTEC Psychology Flashcards on Cognitive, created by Amber Taylor on 22/10/2025.
- Created by
- Amber Taylor
- Views
- 0
- Rating