Behaviourism

Behaviourism

1. environmental determinism

   • empirical psychology
     • animal research
       • operant/classical conditioning

2. Classical Conditioning

   • learning by association,
     • Ivan Pavlov, dogs
   • NS - bell
     • UCS = food
       • UCR = salivating
       • manipulating indep variable
         • NS + UCS bell + food
           • association
           • NS turns to CS = bell
             • CR

3. Operant Conditioning

   • learning by consequences
     • BF Skinner
   • a rat presses the lever
     • it gets fed
       • positively reinforced to repeat the behaviour for the reward
         • a rat is hurt by an electrified floor
           • presses the lever
             • remove pain
               • it is negatively reinforced to get rid of the unpleasant
                 • the rat gets hurt when presses the lever
                   • stops the behaviour
                     • to avoid punishment