Long-term memory

Long-term memory

1. Explicit i.e. declaritive

   • Episodic
     • Tulving (1972)
     • Memory of past events
     • Biological
       • Pre-frontal cortex codes for episodic memory.
       • Neocortex consolidates and stores.
       • Different visual, auditory and other senses coded in different areas. Linked together by the hippocampus.
   • Semantic
     • Memory of knowledge
     • Linked to episodic memory - learn new facts via experiences.
     • Debate about where in the brain - either hippocampus or other areas of the brain.
     • CL, studied by Vicari et al., was an 8 year old girl with a brain tumour who had poor episodic memory but could still create and recall semantic memories.

2. Implicit i.e. non-declaritive

   • Procedural
     • Memory of learned tasks, requiring little conscious thought.
     • Associated mainly with the neocortex of the brain.
     • Case study of CW, who did not retain any episodic memories but was still able to play the piano, supports the idea of a separate procedural memory.