Memory

Memory

1. Multi-store model

   • Sensory store
   • Short term
   • Long term
   • GLANZER & CUNITZ
     • Serial Position Curve
       • STM affected by interferece task
   • MILNER
     • Brain damaged patients
       • Can damage STM but leave LTM in tact
   • BADDELEY
     • PP's can combine several STM tasks
       • If they use different sensory modalities = suggests different stores
   • Evaluation
     • Stimulated research
     • Supports idea of separate stores
     • Too simplistic

2. Working memory model

   • Evaluation
     • Evidence from brain-damaged patients to support
     • Doesn't take a holistic approach - STM only
     • Central executive role is unclear
     • More detailed than MSM
     • Supported by physiological evidence

3. Eye Witness Testimony

   • Evidence given in court by someone who has witness a crime/accident
   • Leading questions
     • Contains information the witness may not know
   • LOFTUS & PALMER
     • AIM: To see if leading questions can alter memory
       • Estimate the speed of a motor vehicle
       • 5 verbs: smashed, collided, bumped, hit, contacted
       • Group given 'smashed' estimated highest
       • Group given contacted estimated the lowest
     • METHOD: Lab experiment
     • PP'S: Students from University of Washington
     • CONCLUSION
       • The verb used had a significant effect on speed estimation
   • Evaluation
     • Lab exp = high level of control
     • Allowed researchers to make casual relationship
     • High in reliability
     • Different to watching a crash on TV than to real life
     • Lacks ecological validity
     • PP's were expecting to see a crash = prime their memory

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