Flashcards
Chapter 12: Altered Somatic and Special Sensory Function
Cards in this deck (25)
- 1neurogenic or neuropathicpain originating within the nervous system
- 2accommodationthe ability of the lens to change its shape to allow clear vision at a variety of distances
- 3maculacenter of the retina, responsible for central vision, color vision, and fine detail
- 4aqueous humorthe nutritive, watery fluid produced by the cilliary body/ maintains pressure and provides nutrients to the cornea and the lens
- 5myopiaerror in refraction commonly known as nearsightedness/ the eye focuses an image in front of the retina due to lens thickness
- 6hyperopiacommonly referred to as farsightedness/ caused by the focusing of an image behind the retina with alters the transmission of light
- 7astigmatismcaused by irregular curvature of the cornea or lens, prevents the focusing of images, blurry vision
- 8presbyopiaa condition of farsightedness associated with aging, results from the inability of the ciliary muscle and lens to accommodate for near vision and is easily corrected with bifocals
- 9strabismuslack of coordinated extrinsic eye muscle function that prevents the eyes from lining up in the same direction/ commonly known as "cross eyed"/the misalignment of visual axes result in the inability to focus on a single object
- 10amblyopiacommonly known as "lazy eye," may result from strabismus leading to the loss of visual detail from uncoordinated eye movement and focus
- 11diplopiaa condition resulting from lack of coordination of the extraocular muscles, may result in double vision/ images fall on noncorresponding areas of the retina causing the visual defect
- 12nystagmusinvoluntary oscillations of the eye, results from abnormal function in the brain, labyrinth of the inner ear, and vestibular pathways responsible for controlling eye movements
- 13conjunctivitiscommonly known as "pink eye," inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the eye
- 14cataractsresults from the clouding of the lens, which alters vision focus by scattering the incoming light into the retina/ often results from the clumping or aggregation of the protein component of the lens
- 15tympanic membraneear drum; located at the end of the ear canal opposite the external auditory meatus, marking the boundary of the middle ear
- 16cochleacontained in the perilymph-filled bony labyrinth; essential for hearing
- 17otitis externainflammation of the skin of the external ear; associated with pain and discomfort; "swimmer's ear"
- 18barotraumafrom sudden changes in atmospheric pressure; injury resulting from the inability of the ear to equalize barometric stress; commonly seen in air travel and sea diving
- 19otitis mediainfection of the middle ear, one of the most common disorders of the middle ear
- 20mastoiditisa bacterial infection causing inflammation of the air cells of the mastoid bone, may result as a complication of otitis media
- 21otosclerosisan autosomal dominant condition representing the most common cause of chronic, progressive, conductive hearing loss/ slow formation of the spongy bone at the oval window immobilizes the footplate of the stapes, impairing the conduction of vibration
- 22presbycusissensorineural hearing loss consistent with aging
- 23labryrinthitisinflammation of the labyrinth of the inner ear; also precipitates severe vertigo and sensorineural hearing loss
- 24tinnitusringing or whistling in the ears
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