Phonological Development

Phonological Development

1. Phonemic Simplification

   • Deletion
   • Final consonants potentially dropped
   • Unstressed syllables often deleted
   • Consonat clusters reduced
   • Substitution
     • easier sounds substituted for harder ones
       • r becoming w
   • Comprehension often above speech

2. Overextension

   • Word given broader meaning
     • 'daddy' for all men
   • More common than underextension
   • 50 words
     • 1/3 overextended

3. Aitchinson

   • Network Building
     • Connecting words
       • Similarities/differences
       • Connections
   • Labelling
     • Understanding words range of meaning
   • Packaging
     • Links between sound and object

4. General Trends

   • 2.5 years
     • All vowels/66% of consonants mastered
   • 6-7 years
     • Confident use
   • Frequent sounds in large words before sound starts
   • 4 Years
     • Few consonant difficulties

5. Berko and Brown

   • Understanding may develop faster than ability to pronounce things
   • Children have more phonological processes
     • Need to figure out which process to apply
   • Despite children saying the wrong 'sh' phoneme
     • still could tell difference with an 's'

6. Getting it right

   • 2.5
     • Decrease in overextensions
     • Vocab rapidly increases
       • Fills over extended word gap
   • Word meaning
     • Ahead of pronouncing ability