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Description
Flashcards by Jannat Abbas, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jannat Abbas
about 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
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Building Blocks of Life: Cells
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1. Who made the first microscope and how?
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Zacharias Jansson (1585-1632), a Dutch spectacle maker. Around 1590 he was experimenting with lens and put 2 lenses inside a tube, in which objects appeared much larger when he looked through it. |
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2. What is the "Cell Theory"?
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It explains the relationship between cells and living things. ~All living things are made up of 1 or more cells. ~Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. ~New cells are produced when existing cells divide into 2. |
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3. What are 'organelles'?
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The smaller parts of a cell. Found in the cytoplasm and have a variety of important functions to keep the cell alive. |
| 4. What are the organelles that are too small to be seen without a light microscope called? | ~Mitochondria--the powerhouses of the cell that release energy from food. ~Lysosomes--the garbage disposal units that get rid of wastes from the cell. ~Endoplasmic Reticulum--forms pathways that allow materials to move quickly and easily through the cells. |
| 5. What are ribosomes? | Structures that produce proteins. |
| 6. What does an animal cell consist of? | Nucleus: controls all activities of the cell. Cytoplasm: a watery jell-like mixture that contains smaller parts where the work takes place. Vacuole: contains wastes or chemicals that are being moved around in the cell. Cell membrane: the 'skin' that holds the cell together. |
| 7. What are chloroplasts? | An organelle within the cell where photosynthesis takes place. |
| 8. What is Photosynthesis? | The process used by plants to make food from water and carbon dioxide using energy from the Sun. |
| 9. What are 'Unicellular Organisms'? | Living things made up of only one cell. |
| 10. What are protists and where can they be found? | A group of unicellular organisms. Often found in ponds and soil. |
| 11. What should you do, for your health's sake, if you are in the bush using untreated water? | Boil it before you drink it. |
| 12. How do unicellular organisms reproduce? | By dividing into two to produce two new identical cells. This process is called 'mitosis' |
| 13. How many cells are in your body and what do they do? | About 50 trillion. They come in different shapes and sizes, each with their own special job to do. |
| 14. Name the scientist who first saw bacteria. | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723). He was also the first person to observe and describe human red blood cells. |
| 15. How is mitosis also important for repair? | Cells in multicellular organisms often wear out/are damaged and need to be replaced, so the damage is repaired by mitosis producing new cells. |
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