Flashcards
Unit 6 - Module 45: Classical Conditioning
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- 1Unit Six - Module 45 Classical ConditioningClassical Conditioning
- 2classical conditioningIn classical conditioning, we learn to associate two stimuli and thus to anticipate events.
- 3unconditioned stimulus UCSA stimulus that innately (naturally) creates a response.
- 4unconditioned response UCRA natural, unlearned response, to an innate, natural stimulus.
- 5neutral stimulus NSA neutral stimulus is a stimulus that at first elicits no response.
- 6conditioned stimulus CSA conditioned stimulus is a previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response.
- 7conditioned response CRA response created by a stimulus due to learning.
- 8acquisitionAcquisition is the initial state of learning when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response.
- 9extinctionExtinction is the diminished response that occurs when the conditioned stimulus no longer signals an impending unconditioned stimulus.
- 10spontaneous recoverySpontaneous recovery is the reappearance of a weakened conditioned response after a pause.
- 11generalizationGeneralization is the tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus.
- 12discriminationDiscrimination is the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus (which predicts the UCS) and other stimuli.
- 13delayed conditioningThe onset of the CS precedes the UCS, but they overlap just a little. This is the best situation for conditioning, especially if the time delay between the CS and UCS is short.
- 14trace conditioningThe CS precedes the UCS and they do not overlap. The longer time delay between the CS and UCS, the more difficult the conditioning is.
- 15simultaneous conditioningThe CS and UCS occur at the same time. Little or no conditioning takes place because the CS doesn't predict the UCS at all in this situation.
- 16backward conditioningThe CS follows the UCS. Little or no conditioning takes place, unless the response is biologically predisposed.
- 17higher-order conditioningThrough higher-order conditioning (also known as second-order conditioning), a new NS can become a new CS without the presence of a UCS. All that's required is for it to become associated with a previously conditioned stimulus.
- 18preparednessThis is a biological predisposition to learn associations that have survival value.
For example, taste and nausea. - 19taste aversionWith taste aversion, the mind develops a resistance towards a certain food. Eating certain types of food can cause a bad reaction. This is a form of classical condition when the body uses a natural instinct as a means of protection. This is also called a survival mechanism. It warns the body if a type of food is harmful.
- 20Ivan PavlovIvan Petrovich Pavlov was a Russian physiologist known primarily for his work in classical conditioning.
- 21John B. WatsonJohn B. Watson was an American psychologist who popularized the scientific theory of behaviourism, establishing it as a psychological school.
- 22John GarciaAn American psychologist, most known for his research on taste aversion.
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- Grade 12 Psychology (Unit Six - Learning) Flashcards on Unit 6 - Module 45: Classical Conditioning, created by Greg MacPherson on 01/03/2025.
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- Created by Greg MacPherson · Feb 12, 2022
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