Flashcards
Ancient Greece
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1Know who the Mycenaeans were and why they were important.Sea traders. Reached out beyond the Aegean to Sicily, Italy, Egypt, and Mesopotamia. Absorbed Egyptian and Mesopotamian customs. City-states. Took the Phoenician alphabet and made it into their own. Flourished in Crete.
- 2Be familiar with the events and results of the Persian Wars.Athens had a large fleet of ships, and had already convinced other city-states (even Sparta!) to join the fight. The Persians were on their way to victory until the Athenians lured the Persian navy into a narrow strait inside which Athenian warships waited to attack. When the Persians arrived, they were greeted by Spartan warriors at Battle of Thermopylae.
- 3Be familiar with the results of the Peloponnesian War.War broke out between Athens and Sparta known as the Peloponnesian War and lasted 27 years. Sparta aligned with the Persians to defeat Athens. They erased the Athenian empire.
- 4Why did ancient Greece develop into many small, self-governing city-states and why did they colonize surrounding regions?The geographic features of Greece (the mountains and water bodies) cut people off from one another. Instead of developing a large empire, they created smaller city-states in the separate regions.
- 5What form of government was common in the early Greek city-states?Athens started out as a monarchy, slowly became an aristocracy, and eventually a democracy.
- 6How was Alexander the Great able to conquer and unite so many people in numerous foreign lands?Originally inherited Macedonia and Greece from his father, conquered parts of Asia and North Africa through military conquest. Spread greek culture.
He kept moving farther east and kept conquering cities and empires.
Founded new cities that were named after him. Greek soldiers, traders, and artisans settled in these new cities. - 7What do the frescoes at Knossos reveal about the Minoans?The leaping dolphin shows that the Minoans were sea traders. Religious paintings reveal that they worshiped the bull, and a mother goddess. Many of the paintings also show that women had more rights than in other ancient civilizations. Showed Minoan religion and daily life.
- 8How did government change in Athens under the rule of Pericles?Direct Democracy: citizens take part in day to day affairs of government. The Athenian assembly met several times a month. A council of 500 was selected by lot, conducted daily government business. Pericles believed that all citizens regardless of wealth or social class should take part in government.
- 9What did Greek architecture, as shown by the Parthenon, seek to reflect?Symmetry and graceful geometry in architecture & perfect and graceful depictions of lifelike forms in sculpture.
- 10What was the difference between Athens and Sparta with regards to the individual?The individual in Sparta would do everything for the good of their country, meaning that each individual had the same skill-set. In Athens, the individual could become a philosopher, an artist, or a poet, without being forced into a specific job.
- 11Know the responsibilities women in Sparta were given, as well as why that was the case.Women were required to exercise daily and develop strength. They obeyed their fathers or husbands, but took on other responsibilities and were able to inherit property.
- 12Which characteristics put the defense of a city-state into the hands of ordinary citizens?Ostracism
Council of 500 selected randomly from all male citizens over 30 and prepared laws considered by assembly and ran day-to-day affairs. - 13Why could Greek philosophers’ ideas be considered a threat to Greek traditions?Greek philosophers were considered to be a threat to Greek tradition because they were new and might cause uprisings, undermined Greek tradition.
- 14How did both the civilizations of the Minoans and Mycenaeans shape ancient Greek civilization?Through trade, the Mycenaeans learned writing and other useful skills from the Minoans; they passed these on to their later civilizations. Sea trade meant they travelled widely and came into contact with ideas and skills of other cultures.
- 15What was the extent of the size of Alexander the Great’s empire?The extent of the size of Alexander the Great’s empire was when they reached India and Alexander wanted to go on and conquer more, but his soldiers said no and they turned back home.
- 16What was the philosophical method of Socrates and what the point of view of Athenians who felt threatened by him?Socratic method: he would pose a series of questions to a student or a passing citizen, and challenge them to examine the implications of their answers.
To many Athenians thought that questioning was a threat to accepted values and traditions. - 17How did democracy work in Athens and how did Athens transition to democracy?In 594 BCE, Solon became chief official. He outlawed debt and slavery; he also gave all citizens a larger say on important decisions. Continued unrest led to the rise of tyrants.
- 18What helped Alexander the Great to conquer the Persian Empire?Began conquest in 334 BCE and won military victories because Persian Empire was no longer the great empire it had been, its emperor was weak and its provinces were in rebellion.
- 19What purpose did an acropolis serve for Greek city-states?The Acropolis served as a place for worshipping their greek gods and goddesses.
- 20How was Spartan government organized?The spartan government was made up of two kings, and a council of elders advised the monarchs; there was an assembly of all male citizens (Spartan-born and over age 30), and five officials elected by the assembly ran day-to-day affairs.
- 21What did Stoicism teach?Stoicism taught that one should accept calmly whatever life brought and all people, including women and slaves, were morally equal because they had the power of reason.
- 22What cultures were combined to create Hellenistic civilization?Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian influences
- 23What were the core beliefs of both Plato and Aristotle?Aristotle, Plato’s student, was against democracy, and believed that there should be a single ruler.
Plato, Socrates’ student, founded the Academy, and distrusted democracy. - 24Know the significance of the following individuals: Hippocrates and Archimedes.Hippocrates created the Hippocratic Oath, and set ethical standards for doctors in future civilizations.
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- 9th grade World History Flashcards on Ancient Greece, created by Yaara Aybar Agron on 12/11/2016.
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- Yaara Aybar Agron
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