Flashcards
Attachment - Bowlby
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1What did Bowlby (1950/60s) believe?Psychoanalyst
Believed mental health and behavioural problems could be attributed to early childhood - 2What does Bowlby's evolutionary theory of attachment propose?Children enter the world biologically programmed to form attachments with others as a critical survival mechanism
(Based on Lorenz duckling study on imprinting that showed innate attachments) - 3What did Bowlby say attachment behaviours are?Instinctive
Activated by anything that threatens proximity (separation, anxiety, fear) - 4What are the main points of Bowlby's theory? (1)A child has an innate (i.e. inborn) need to attach to one main attachment figure (i.e. monotropy).
This attachment with primary caregiver (mother) is qualitatively different - 5Continued... Social ReferencingIn unfamiliar, ambiguous situations - child will seek caregivers emotional cues to direct the behaviour
(Negative = child stays close. Happy = child happily explores) - 6What are the main points of Bowlby's theory? (2)Maternal Deprivation Hypothesis (loss or fail of attachment)
(Child needs close care for first two years)
Maternal deprivation leads to long term consequences, influencing cognitive, social and emotional difficultures in psychopathy - 7What are the main points of Bowlby's theory? (3)Internal Working Model (formed in 1st year, clear by age 5)
cognitive framework comprising mental representations for understanding the world, self and others.
Incorporates memories from others and expectations to help evaluate and guide them when interacting with others - 8Problems with Internal Working ModelCan explain most things
Not testable hypothesis
Strange situation - Measures child characteristics
Serious Implications for woman's role in child rearing (Wollwett and Phoenix, 1991) - 93 Phases of attachmentInnate behaviours (Birth -5 months) - reflexive, non focused, broad
Narrowing of behaviours (5-7 months) but still not focused
Development of safe base (7-9 months) - focused, goal corrected and directed - 10Separation/Stranger AnxietyMediated by age/experience/familiarity of environment/security
Early - Caregiver need not be present
Middle - less obvious, open affection, based on trust
Adolescence - More autonomy, peers play role - 11Evaluation (Positive)Supports and provides biological basis for theory
Huge influence on society-government policy (daycare reduced)
Laid groundwork for future research - 12Evaluation (Negative)Use of restricted samples (London innercity boys)
Oversimplification > Role of mother
Attachments can be made with most responsive, not just nappies!
Family? Same sex relationships?
Poverty factors/life styles (divorce, step parenting)
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- Undergraduate Developmental (Attachment - Ainsworth) Flashcards on Attachment - Bowlby, created by bthnyrose on 15/05/2014.
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