Flowchart
Principles of Learning
Flowchart content
Medical Model
illness & progress of disease. Psychology follows a medical model
appropriate for conditions with biological root
though most behaviour is based on learning, and not medical in nature
better tactic to deal with behaviour problems is a mix of both learning & medical model
Conditioning
3 Main types
Pavlovian / Classical
Operant / Insturmental
Observational
conditioning of a neutral stimulas in order to evoke a reflective response
Reflexive Response
Reflex's contain a Stimulus & Response
Reflexive Response don't need prior learning
Unconditioned biological reflex -> no conditioning required
conditioned response is same as an unconditioned response
the conditioned response is less intense and slower than that of the unconditioned stimulus
the amount of times a CS is paired with an UCS increases or decreases Classical conditioning. And ability to elicit a response
Stimuli that are more noticeable & highly correlated with UC are likely to have the strongest stimulus response, and become a conditioned response.
CS must occur before UCS in order for conditioning to occur
Most UCR have an emotional component that are associated with it
emotional responses which are associate with a CR are not typically as intense as UCR
Extinction
if a conditioned stimulus no longer predicts a previous UCS, will then slowly lose ability to bring out CR
if at a later time you re-present the CS without the UCS, the CR may temporarily reapear
Avoidance -> if a stimulus becomes conditioned and it is then avoided , Extinction is unable to take place
Higher - Order Conditioning
conditioning that proceeds off of another CS in the absence of an UCS
a CS that can influence other stimuli and turn them into CS without the og UCS
HOC not as strong as first order conditioning
HOC stimuli are being conditioned by a stimulus that is actively fading
Counter - Conditioning
you can reverse conditioning by pairing the CS with a new UCS
the absence of original UCS allows extinction of original conditioning and a new UCS to take priority
used to change unwanted or problomatic emotional responses
Systematic Desensitization : thinking & imagining an object, thing, or event.
Contact Desensitization : slowly working up to being in the situation.
Covert Desensitization : associating an unwanted behaviour with a negative stimulus
Aversive Counter-Conditioning : a punishment for an undesirable behaviour -> gradually loose appeal or becomes neutral