1st Non-Cooperation Movement 1919/Khilafat

1st Non-Cooperation Movement 1919/Khilafat

1. Aims/Purpose

   • Started for the indigo workers in Bihar/working class peasants
   • 3 Main Aims
     • Allow the workers in Bihar to have a free choice of what crops they grow
     • Reduce Rent
     • Stop Illegal Land Seizure

2. Methods

   • Mass Protests
   • Hartals (Strikes)
   • General non-cooperation with British
     • Provokes Arrest
   • Gandhi's ways of gaining publicity
     • Arrest/trial of himself gained a lot of media attention
     • Telegrams to Viceroy/press
     • Lives with/dresses like peasants - Appeals to majority of Indian people - the poor

3. Success

   • Achieved all aims
     • Forces British into concessions
   • Gained Indian support
   • National/International recognition of his campaign

4. Khilafat Movement

   • Was a Muslim movement
     • That aimed to protect the Caliphs (Muslim leaders of Ottoman empire)
       • Ottoman Empire was broken up after WW1 by France and UK
         • This was seen as a direct attack on Muslims by the British
           • This caused Anti-British feeling in India
             • Gandhi backed the Muslims and linked the Khilafat movement with non-cooperation
               • Caused Hindu/Muslim Unity