Flashcards
Memory
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1The multi-store model for memory1. Information flows through a number of storage systems.
2. there are 3 main storage systems.
3. each stage differs in terms of coding, capacity, and duration.
4. Information can remain in short-term memory by maintenance rehearsal, and such repetition will create a long-term memory.
5. The more the information is rehearsed the better it is remembered.
6. Information can be lost from each store. - 2CodingAs information enters the brain via sense it is transformed into a code so that it can be stored. The codes can be visual, acoustic or semantic.
- 3CapacityThe measure of how much can be held in memory, for example, how many digits can be held in stm.
- 4DurationThe measure of how long memory lasts before it is no longer available.
- 5Long term memoryThe memory for past events that can last for a lifetime of a person. Its capacity is most probably unlimited.
- 6Working memory modelMade up of 3 systems controlled by the central executive. Phonological loop stores speech-based sounds for brief periods made up of the phonological store and articulatory control process. The visuo-spatial sketchpad processes and stores mental images. The episodic buffer allows for both sound and visual info to be stored together and also offers a sense of time.
- 7ForgettingThere are 3 explanations for forgetting: Proactive interference, retroactive interference, and retrieval failure.
- 8Proactive and retroactive interference.Proactive: old information interferes with new information.
Retroactive: new information interferes with old. - 9Retrieval failurecontext-dependent forgetting: external cues that are different when encoding and when retrieving it.
State-dependent forgetting: internal cues that are different during encoding and when retrieving it. - 10Misleading questions.Can effect eyewitness testimonies (EWT) as it reconstructs the events using fractions of information.
- 11The cognitive interviewA way of interviewing without losing info, and recalling overlooked info.
- 12Techniques used in the cognitive interview.Recreate the context of the original incident.
To recall every detail no matter how small.
To recall the events in reverse order.
To change perspectives.
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- A level Psychology (paper 1) Flashcards on Memory, created by Oliver Philpott on 19/02/2017.
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- Oliver Philpott
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