Schaffer & Emerson

Schaffer & Emerson

1. Stage 1 (Asocial Stage)

   • 0-6 weeks
   • Reciprocity & interactional synchrony
   • Emotional responses but they are not directed at anyone

2. Stage 2 ( Indiscriminate Attachments)

   • 6-7 weeks
   • General socialbility
   • Prefer human company to inanimate objects

3. Stage 3 ( Specific Attachments)

   • 7-11 months
   • Seperation and stranger anxiety
   • Found that primary attachments were not always formed with the person who spent the most time with the infant

4. Stage 4 ( Multiple Attachments)

   • +11 months
   • Multiple attachments
   • 29% of infants had multiple attachments to someone else

5. Role of the father

   • Primary Attachment Figures
     • Heermann, shows that men are less sensitive to infant cues than mothers
   • Secondary Attachment Figures
     • Geiger, 1996

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