Mind map
The Biological Macromolecules
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The Biological Macromolecules
- Most biological macromolecules result from polymerization of monomers.
- Polymerization - condensation reaction - release H2O - requires energy
- Depolymerization - Hydrolysis reaction - consumes H2O - releases energy
Proteins
- Functions (e.g. enzymes) Signaling Structure
- Amino acid
- Chirality - same chemical formula but different arrangement of atoms - mirror image isomers - carbon bound to any 4 different atoms/groups - L or D
- All amino acids in proteins are left-handed (L)
- Non-polar
- Polar Uncharged
- Polar charged
- Special Cases
- Cysteine
- Oxidation
- Disulfide bonds
- Oxidation
- Glycine
- Proline
- Cysteine
- Polymerization
- Primary structure
- Linear structure of amino acid - covalent bond
- Secondary Structure
- Alpha helices and Beta sheets -hydrogen bond
- Tertiary structure
- - complete 3D structure of a polypeptide (usually also involves R- group interactions)
- Quaternary structure
- Multi-subunit proteins only
- Homomultimers
- Heteromultimers
- Hemoglobin
- polypeptide
- functional protein
- Conformation
- Primary structure
Carbonhydrates/Polysaccharide
- Monosaccharide
Nucleic acids
- Information storage Function (ribozymes)
- Nucleotide: DNA & RNA
Lipids
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- Description
- Undergraduate Cell Biology Mind Map on The Biological Macromolecules, created by Aye Bay Na Sa on 12/02/2017.
- Created by
- Aye Bay Na Sa · Feb 2017
- Updated
- Feb 12, 2017
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