Flashcards
Chapter 3 WHII flashcards, Saunders
Cards in this deck (34)
- 1UsuryCharging interest on loans.
- 2Simonybuying privileges
- 3Secularismattitudes and activities that have no religious or spiritual basis.
- 4penancevoluntary self-punishment
- 5heretica person believing in or practicing religious heresy
- 6individualismfavoring freedom of action for individuals instead of action or individuals control.
- 7indulgencepardon you can buy to excuse your sins for 7 days
- 8liturgya former religous worship
- 9Martin Luther-a German priest and professor of theology (the study of religious thought).
- All faithful Christians are equal before god. - 10John Calvin-a Frenchmen with his own ideas about Christianity
-believed that humanity was divided in advance
- He believed god already knew each person’s fate. - 11King Henry VIII-King of England from 1509 -1547.
-denounced him as a heretic
-divorced many times - 12Cardinal Richelieu-helped change the focus of the thirty-year War from a religious to a political conflict.
-joined Protestant Sweden in fighting the Catholic Hapsburg. - 13Queen Elizabeth-(daughter of his second wife)
-third ruler (after Mary) - 14John Wycliffe-: An Englishman and one of the earliest men to call for reform in the church
- He translated the bible into English and sent out his own group of preachers - 15Jan Hass-A bohemian who openly questioned the infallibility of the Catholic Church and attacked the corruption of the clergy.
- He was burned at the stake by the church on charges of heresy - 16Saint Ignatius of Loyolaformed a society of Jesus, Its members were called Jesuits
- 17Holy Roman Empire-ruled by the Hapsburg dynasty, which was strongly catholic
- Involved in the thirty year war - 18Black Death-a plague between 1347 and 1350 killed a third of the population in Europe
-It also shook Europeans faith in the Church, which couldn’t end or explain the plague. - 19Country's nobles resented the popes powerGermany and Englands nobles
- 20Martin Luthers Three Ideas- Salvation was gained by faith alone. Luther argued that the sacraments and even the priests were not necessary for a person to get to heaven
-All faithful Christians are equal before god.
-The bible is the ultimate authority for Christians and should be made available to everyone. - 21The 95 Theses (1517)-The theses were primarily attacks on the selling of indulgences
-Luther’s actions lead to a religious revolution in Germany causing the birth of the protestant Church.
-spread all over Germany - 22predestination-The damned those people who were going to hell
-The elect those people who were going to heaven
-He believed god already knew each person’s fate. - 23What Henry VIII wanteda male heir for his throne, but believed his throne was growing too old to have a baby.
- 24Religion of Northern Europe-protestant
-protestants believed that the catholic Church should be overthrown - 25Religion in Southern Europe-remained catholic
-catholic Church believed that all heretics should be overthrown - 26The Hapsburg Dynasty-strongly catholic
-ruled the holy Roman Empire - 27Thirty years Was (1618)broke out between the holy roman Empire and the Protestant German principalities.
- 28The Spanish Armada-Elizabeth’s greatest victory occurred in 1588
-This victory ended Spanish hopes of conquering England. - 29Huguenots-French Calvinist were called Huguenots
-Between 1562 and 1598 there were many conflicts between Catholics and Huguenots
-The bloodiest was the St. Bartholomew Day massacre where Catholics organized the death of 10,000 Huguenots - 30The Edict of NantesMade Catholicism the official religion but allowed Huguenots to worship freely and participate in politics
- 31The council of Trent (1540s)-The church, not the individual, interpreted the bible
-Church traditions had authority equal to the bible
-Faith alone could not win salvation: Christians needed a life of good work as well. - 32The Inquisition-A committee of six cardinals was formed to prosecute and punish heresy
-It was begun as an attempt to reinforce Church doctrine
-was famous for relying on torture in their investigations, and executing people by burning them at the stake. - 33The Society of Jesus-Its members were called Jesuits
-The society was founded by Saint Ignatius of Loyola
-Jesuits improved the image of the clergy through their pious and dedicated lives.
-The Catholic Church’s attempts to reform and combat Protestantism were aided by the society of Jesus Its members were called Jesuits - 34languages the Bible was printed inThe bible was printed in English French, and German.
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- 10th grade World History Flashcards on Chapter 3 WHII flashcards, Saunders , created by Summer Saunders on 12/02/2019.
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- Created by Summer Saunders · Feb 12, 2019
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