Flashcards
Reading 3
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1What two approaches are their to testing the uncertainty around the true slope?1. calculate a confidence interval around the slope
2. test the statistical signifcance of the slope by calculating a t ratio - 2TRUE/FALSE A confidence interval around the slope gives a range of values with a given probability of including the true slope.True
- 3What does a 95% confidence interval say about the true slope?There is a 95 percent
probability that the true slope will fall within the confdence interval - 4What is the amount of uncertainty estimated by?The standard error of the slope
- 5True/false The null hypothesis is the proposition that the true slope is one.False, ...that the true slope is ZERO
- 6What does a slope of zero imply? (2)(1) the independent variable has no efect on the dependent variable, and (2) the slopecalculated in a sample is a result of nothing more than chance
- 7What would support the null hypothesis?If the slope is judged to occur frequently by chance
- 8What is a research hypothesis?A hypothesis that purports a relationship between the independent and dependent variable
- 9What criterion constitutes "infrequently by chance"? What is it referred to as?It should occur no more than 5% of the time by chance (referred to as alpha)
- 10When is a slope said to be statistically significant?when its frequency
of occurring by chance is less than, or equal to, alpha - 11Which alpha percentage gives more leniency to a statistically significant number: 10% or 1%10% - to be considered statistically significant the slope should occur no more than 10% of the time by chance
- 12In reference to the comparison between t(calc) and t(table), when is a slope significantWhen t(calc) is greater than, or equal to the t (table)
- 13A correct positivewhen the slope is found to be statistically significant and the true slope is not zero
- 14PowerThe probability of a correct positive decision
- 15Correct negativeWhen the slope is not statistically significant and the true slope is zero
- 16false positiveslope is found to be statistically significant but the true slope is zero
- 17A false positive is often called a Type One Error, what is the probability of making a type one error equal to?It is equal to alpha
- 18false negativeslope is not statistically significant but the true slope is not zero
- 19a false negative decision is called a Type Two Error, what is it equal to?1 minus power
(remember: power refers to the probability of getting a correct positive)
- termed beta - 20True/false the steeper the slope, the weaker the effect of the independent variablefalse
- 21True/false the effect of an independent variable is not a function of sample sizetrue
- 22Other things equal, how does a larger sample size affect the t-ratio and probabiliyAs the sample size increases:
- t ratio gets larger
- probability gets smalled - 23Give an example showing that the effect of an independent variable is not a function of sample sizeScotch on the Central nervous system
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- Universität Research Methods Flashcards on Reading 3, created by Amrit Bhogal on 02/04/2015.
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- Amrit Bhogal
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