drugs

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GCSE Biology Unit 1 AQA Drugs
Sophie McGuire
Mind Map by Sophie McGuire, updated more than 1 year ago
Sophie McGuire
Created by Sophie McGuire almost 9 years ago
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Resource summary

drugs
  1. definition = a substance that modifies or affects chemical reactions in the body
    1. harmful
      1. smoking
        1. pregancy
          1. reduces oxygen to fetus
            1. miscarrige
              1. premature birth
                1. low weight
              2. cigarettes
                1. 4000 chemicals
                  1. nicotine
                    1. carbon monixide
                      1. combines with hymoglobin
                        1. reduces ability of blood to carry oxygen
                          1. strain on circulatory system
                            1. heart disease
                              1. strokes
                        2. tar
                          1. carcinogens
                            1. cancer
                              1. lung
                                1. mouth
                                  1. throat
                        3. beneficial
                          1. extracted from natural resources
                            1. drug testing
                              1. computer models
                                1. human cells grown in labs
                                2. animal testing
                                  1. clinical trials
                                    1. test group
                                      1. new drug
                                      2. control group
                                        1. existing drug or placebo
                                        2. blind trials
                                          1. volunteers don't know if test or control group
                                          2. double blind trials
                                            1. volunteers and researchers don't know which group they're in
                                      3. Antibiotics
                                        1. slow down or stop growth of bacteria
                                          1. penicillin
                                            1. 1928, Alexander Fleming
                                        2. depressant
                                          1. slows down nerve and brain activity
                                            1. alcohol, solvents, temazepam
                                              1. affect the synapses between neurones in the nervous system
                                                1. stop the next neurone sending nerve impulses
                                                2. hallucinogen
                                                  1. changes what we see and hear
                                                    1. LSD
                                                    2. painkiller
                                                      1. blocks nerve impulses
                                                        1. aspirin, paracetomol
                                                        2. performance enhancer
                                                          1. improves muscle development
                                                            1. anabolic steroids
                                                            2. stimulant
                                                              1. increases nerve and brain activity
                                                                1. nicotine, caffeine, ecstasy
                                                                    1. cause more neurotransmitter molecules to diffuse across the synapses
                                                                    2. prescription
                                                                      1. illegal
                                                                        1. class A
                                                                          1. most dangerous
                                                                          2. ecstasy, cannabis, heroin, cociane
                                                                            1. addicitve
                                                                              1. damage heart & circulatory system
                                                                                1. needle drugs, infected blood
                                                                                  1. HIV, hepititas
                                                                              2. alcohol
                                                                                1. ethanol
                                                                                  1. depressant
                                                                                    1. slows signals in nerves and brain
                                                                                      1. liver removes alcohol from bloodstream
                                                                                        1. enzymes breakdown alcohol
                                                                                          1. toxic
                                                                                        2. effects
                                                                                          1. sleepiness
                                                                                            1. impaired judgment
                                                                                              1. loss of balance
                                                                                                1. loss of control
                                                                                                  1. blurred vision and speech
                                                                                                  2. increased blood flow to skin
                                                                                                    1. damage to liver and brain
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