Function of Carbohydrates

1. Carbohydrates provide the body with a source of fuel and energy that is required to carry out daily activities and exercise
2. Extra energy is stored in the muscle and liver until needed in the form of glycogen
3. 1g = 3.75kcal (4) OR 16 kilojoules
4. A lack of carbohyrates can lead to tiredness or fatigue, poor mental function and lack of endurance or stamina

   Annotations:

   • People running marathons may load up on pasta and carbohydrates to increase glycogen stores for stamina
5. Excess carbohydrate is stored as fat

1. Needed for the correct working of the brain, heart nervous, digestive and immune systems
2. Metabolism is the chemical process that occurs in the body. These processes are controlled by enzymes and horomones
3. Carbohydrates provide the heat to power these

Annotations:

• NSP: R.D.A 18g per day

1. NSP especially cellulose absorbs large amounts of water which creates bulk in the diet
2. It cannot be digested in humans but it stimulates peristaltic action in the gut to avoid constipation or diverticulitis

1. For fat to be metabolised correctly, carbohydrates must be present
2. Lack of carbohydrates means large amounts of fat are used for energy
3. The body cannot handle this large amount so quickly, so it accumulates ketone bodies which make the body acidic
4. Ketosis is using fat for energy instead of CHO

1. Fibre rich foods absorb water giving a feeling of fullness (aids satiety)
2. This can reduce the tendency to overeat and therefore prevent weight gain

1. As protein isn't being used as energy it can be used for growth and repair