Flashcards
Chapter 7
Cards in this deck (36)
- 1the urinary system consists of2 kidneys
2 ureters
urinary bladder
urethra - 2what is the purpose of the urinary systemto form urine and remove it through filtration and reabsorption
- 3x-ray exam of the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder that uses iodinated contrast injected in veins to demonstrate nephrons and kideny functionintravenous urography (IVP/IVU)
- 4procedure to visualize the bladder. radiocontrast is instilled using a urinary cathetercystography
- 5cystogrpahy can be used to evaluate the bladder forcancer
vesicoureteral reflux
bladder polyps
hydronephrosis - 6backward flow of urine from the bladder to the kidneysvesicoreteral reflux
- 7contrast injected into ureter to visualize the ureter and kidneyretrograde pyelography
- 8procedure done to look at the blood vessels in the kidneysrenal angiography
- 9anomalies of the kidneys or ureters are caused by error indevelopment
- 10anomalies are classified bynumber
size
shape
fusion
position - 11horseshoe kidney renal hypoplasia renal agenesis are what type of anomaliescongenital
- 12absence of one kideney and compensatory hypertrophy of existing kidenyrenal agenesis (aplasia)
- 13abnormally small kidneys with normal morphology and reduced nephron numberrenal hypoplasia
- 14common cause of pediatric renal failure and adult onset diseaserenal hypoplasia
- 15patients kidneys fuse together to form horseshoe shape during development in the wombhorseshoe kidney
- 16lower poles of kidney joined across midline by band of soft tissue, ureters exit anteriorly instead of medially normal functionhorseshoe kidney
- 17horseshoe kidney can be descibed asrenal fusion or super kidney
- 18kidneys are on the same side and fused together. Driange may be impairedcrossed fused renal ectopy
- 19means out of normal positionectopy
- 20a birth defect in which kidney is located in an abnormal position typically in pelvisectopic kidney
- 21kidney drops in erect position (floating kidney)kidney prolapse
(nephrotosis) - 222 ureters that drain a single kidney one drains upper kidney the other drains lower kidney if both enter bladder usually not a problemdouble ureter
- 23congenital cyst-like dilation of ureter at bladder opening filling defect serious obstruction, surgical repairureterocele
(cobra head apperance) - 24when some of the bladder lining pokes through a weak part in the bladderbladder diverticula
- 25congenital, genetic many tiny cysts in kidney at birth, enlarge with age, compress and destroy kidney tissuepolycystic kidney disease
- 26the bladder muscle has thickened over time. shaggy borders due to roughing of lining caused by cystitisbladder trabeculae
- 27large stone that fills pelvis, appears as deer hornsstaghorn calculus
- 28cause of staghorn calculuslong standing infection with certain bacteria
- 29stone in tractrenal calculi
- 30hard deposits of mineral and acid salts that stick together in concentrated urinekidney stones
- 31water inside kideny distention and dilation of the renal pelvis and calyceshydronephrosis
- 32acquired single or multiple cysts asymptomatic usually in lower polessimple renal cysts
- 33malignant cells are found in the lining of tubules in the kidney. S&S flank pain hematuria palpable massrenal carcinoma
- 34cancer of kidneys typically occurs in children develops before age 5wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)
- 35bacterial infection renal pelvis, calyces obstruction of urine to flow through tractpyelonephritis
- 36inflammation of urinary bladder results in recurring discomfort or pain in bladdercystitis
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- Pathology Flashcards on Chapter 7, created by Kasey Webster on 17/11/2016.
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- Kasey Webster
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